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Makers 



Georgia's 

NAME AND FAME 



WHITEHEAD 



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MAKERS OF 

GEORGIA'S NAME 

AND FAME 



BY 
a: C. WHITEHEAD, A.M. 

English and History, Boys' High School, Atlanta, Ga. 



EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY 

BOSTON 
New York Chicago San Francisco 



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Copyright, 191 3 

BY 

EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY 



©CI.A3519G3 



PREFACE 

This book is meant as a supplementary reader for children 
of the Third and Fourth Grades in Georgia schools. It is 
not intended as a history to take the place of any other 
book previously before the educational public of the state. 

By means of interesting stories and characteristic inci- 
dents, the book makes an effort to acquaint Georgia chil- 
dren with the greater number of the men whose names 
adorn the pages of our state history. It thus proposes in 
some measure to prepare children who read it for the study 
of Georgia history proper. The author dares to hope that 
our Georgia boys and girls will gain much encouragement 
and inspiration from the examples of the heroes whose 
unselfish and noble deeds are herein retold. 

The poem which graces the first pages was wTitten es- 
pecially for this book by one of Georgia's sweetest singers, 
Charles W. Hubner,. of the Carnegie Library, Atlanta. 
Dr. H. J. Gaertner, of the Normal and Industrial College 
at Milledgeville, has graciously permitted the use of his 
poem, ''Georgia." To both of these gentlemen thanks 
are due. 

A. C. W. 
Atlanta, Georgia 



CONTENTS 

To the Children of Georgia » 7 

The Man Who Wanted Gold 9 

^' No Pearls for Juan Terron" 12 

The Man for Whom Georgia was Named . . . 14 

The Man Who Forgot His Debts 16 

The Man Who Settled Georgia 19 

How Oglethorpe Settled Georgia 22 

A Georgia King 25 

A Georgia Prince 30 

Oglethorpe's People and the Georgia Alligators . 33 

The Chief Who had Dreams 36 

The Man Who Loved Children 38 

Some Liberty Boys 41 

The Boy Who Studied by Pine Knots ... 47 

The People's First Governor 49 

"Come and Take It" 52 

How Seven Captured One Hundred and Fifty . . 54 

A Barefoot Captain 57 

The Man Who Went Back for Pulaski ... 59 

Robert Salle tte 61 

The War Woman 63 

Taken for Spies 66 

General Elijah Clarke 69 

James Jackson . . . . . . . . 73 

Kate 76 

The Faithful Brother . • 79 

The Man Who Saved the Records .... 81 

3 



CONTENTS 



Edward Telfair ..... 

A Young Indian Fighter 

The Gun That Failed to Fire . 

An Indian Attack 

A Daring Scout .... 

The Man Who Made a Steamboat 

The Boy Who Hid Under the Bed . 

The Three Tattnalls 

Another Georgia King 

The Man Who Made the Cotton Gin 

Governor Early .... 

General Floyd .... 

'' We Must Not Give Up the Gun " . 

Hope Hull 

Colonel Daniel Appling 

Three Brave Sentinels . 

How the British Burned Clarke's Mill 

The Man to Whom Napoleon Bowed 

Two Macon Men .... 

Milly 

Governor Troup .... 
Jesse Mercer and His Uncle John . 
A Polite Soldier .... 
The Indian Who Made Some A, B, C's 
One of Atlanta's Builders . 

Dora 

A Fierce Panther .... 
Dr. Crawford W. Long .... 

TheLeContes 

Sampson's Story 

The Boy Who Became a Geologist 

A Boy Who Went to an Old Field School 



83 
86 
88 
90 
93 
97 
101 
104 
109 
113 
117 
119 
121 
123 
125 
128 
131 
135 
138 
141 
143 
146 
149 
151 
154 
157 
159 
162 
164 
167 
170 
171 



CONTENTS 



The Man Who Made a Sewing Machine 

A Fight with a Bear 

Sidney Lanier and His Flute 

A Boy Who Loved His Mother 

Little Aleck .... 

Little Aleck's Dogs 

A Boy Who Led His Class . 

The Boy Who Plowed Oxen 

A Man Who Illustrated Georgia 

A Georgia Gun Maker 

Lee's Old War Horse 

The Raccoon Roughs 

A Georgian Great in Many Ways 

The General with a Paper of Pins 

Gray Alice .... 

The Soldier Who Carried a Book . 

A Fair Confederate 

It will be Held to the Last . 

Memorial Day 

A Peace Maker .... 

The Boy with Willing Hands . 

Georgia 



177 
179 
181 
184 
187 
190 
193 
196 
199 
201 
203 
205 
211 
213 
215 
219 
221 
224 
227 
229 
232 
235 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S 
NAME AND FAME 

TO THE CHILDREN OF GEORGIA 

O children, learn the story 
Of our dear Georgia state, 

The life, the deeds, the glory 
Of those who made her great; 

By God's grace led and favored. 
From Him their strength they drew. 

In war and peace they labored 
For what is good and true. 

On wisdom, moderation, 
Justice, is built our state^ 

For without these no nation 
Can be called truly great. 

O children, learn the story 
Of Georgia well by heart, 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Know what has made her glory, 
In science, learning, art. 

In all that men are dcing, 
In all that men have dene, 

High, noble aims pursuing. 
Till victory is wen. 

So may in your own bosom, 

Bright hopes and dreams take root, 

Which, nourished there, shall blossom, 
And in great deeds bear fruit. 

And let this book remind you 
What great hearts dare and do, 

That coming years may find you 
As good, as brave, as true. 

— Charles W. Hubner 



THE MAN WHO WANTED GOLD 

Nearly four hundred years ago, Hernando De 
Soto started on a long march through what is now 
Georgia. With him he had six hundred brave sol- 
diers. They wore bright steel armor and rich cloaks, 
and they had gay plumes in their steel helmets. This 
army had two hundred prancing horses, and a large 
number of fierce dogs to catch Indians. They also 
had a great drove of hogs ahead of them for food. 
They came into Georgia somewhere in the southern 
part. This gay army must have been a strange sight 
as it marched through the level pine woods. 

De Soto was a Spaniard. His soldiers were 
Spaniards. They were searching for jewels and gold. 
They marched across the state. They soon ate all 
their hcgs and other focd. After that they were 
often hungry. Then the Indians would give them 
something to eat. Once an Indian chief brought 
them a present of some com, some partridges and 
turkeys. He also brought them some dcgs. The 
Spaniards were very hungry. They ate the ccrn, 



10 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

partridges, and turkeys. They were still hungry. 
So then they ate the dogs. 

The Indians were kind to the Spaniards. But the 
Spaniards treated the Indians very badly. De Soto 
and his men searched everywhere for gold. They 
broke into the wigwams, the temples, and even the 
graves, to try to find pearls and geld. Sometimes 
they would make their dcgs catch the Indians. Then 
they would try to make the Indians tell where goM 
could be found. 

At last De Soto reached the Savannah River. 
There a beautiful princess came to meet him and 
his army. She was very kind and gentle. She gave 
him a long rope of pearls. She put it about his 
neck. She wanted to show him that she and her 
people would be friendly. She also gave him rich 
shawls and dressed skins. Then De Soto put a gold 
ring with a ruby set in it on her finger. 

But De Soto did not care for the kindness of the 
Indians. He could not forget that gold was what he 
wanted. As before, he and his greedy soldiers 
searched everywhere for gold. They took all they 
could find. They also robbed the Indians of great 
basketfuls of pearls. 

When De Soto left this place, he carried the prin- 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME ii 

cess with him as a prisoner. He made her march on 
foot ahead of his army. But after a few days, she 
escaped. De Soto saw her no more. 

De Soto then marched across the northern part of 
Georgia. He did not get much gold. He marched 
en till he found the Mississippi River. There he 
died. At night, his soldiers tied heavy stones to his 
bcdy. Then they dropped it to the bottom of the 
great river. They did this so that the Indians could 
not find his body. Only forty of all the six hundred 
men lived to get back to their homes in Spain. 

De Soto did not try to make a settlement in 
Georgia. This task was left for Oglethorpe, '^a 
nobler man with a loftier aim." 



''NO PEARLS FOR JUAN TERRON" 

In those old times, long ago, the water in our 
streams was clear. After the white men cut down 
the trees and made big fields, the waters of the creeks 
and rivers became red with mud. That is because 
the rains washed the earth off the fields into the 
streams. 

In the clear water of the creeks and rivers, the 
Indians used to find great numbers of mussels. Did 
you ever see a mussel? Here is a picture of one. 
The Indians often found pearls that the Spaniards 
took from them. 

Juan Terron was a foot soldier in De Soto's army. 
He took all the pearls from the Indians that he could. 
He filled a bag with them. It was said that he had 
six pounds of pearls. He hoped to sell them, and 
then he would be rich. He meant to go back to his 
home in Spain, and live in grand style the rest of his 
life. 

The mountains of North Georgia are rough. It 
is not very easy to walk over them De Soto's 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 13 

soldiers grew very tired as they marched day after 
day over the mountains and through the valleys. 
Terron's pearls got heavy, so he made up his mind 
that he would carry them no farther. He was tired 
of them. Besides, he was not sure that he would 
get back to Spain, anyway. 

So he thought that he would give them to a friend 
who had a horse to ride. ''You may have these 
pearls if you will carry them," said Terron to his 
friend. 

''No," said his friend. "Keep them. You will 
want them when you get back to Spain. They will 
make you rich." 

"If you will not have them, I will carry them no 
longer," said Terron. "They shall remain here." 

Then he untied the bag and whirled it about his 
head. The pearls were lost in the leaves and grass 
on every side. Terron then marched on. The 
other soldiers found about thirty of his pearls and 
kept them. 

After that, whenever a man acted idle or foolish, 
the Spanish soldiers would say, "There are no pearls 
for Juan Terron." They meant that such a man 
was throwing away his opportunity. 



THE MAN FOR WHOM GEORGIA WAS 
NAMED 

King George II. of England was a small man. 
But he was stout and brave. He loved war and 
battles. He liked no perfume so well as he liked the 
smell of gunpowder. 

In 1 74 1, England was at war with Austria. King 
George went himself to take part in the fighting. A 
battle was fought at a place called Dettingen. The 
two armies stood facing each other. They were not 
very close together, but they could see each other. 
Then the guns began to boom. The men began to 
shout. There was a great deal of noise. 

The king's horse was a very fine, fiery one. The 

horse had never been in battle before. The great 

noise frightened him, so that he ran away. Straight 

toward the long glittering lines of Austrians he went. 

King George was doing all he could to stop the horse. 

On, on, the horse ran. At last the king stopped him. 

Then he leaped down from his back and said, "Now, 

you may run away, but / know / shall not run away." 
14 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 15 

Then he drew his sword and waved it high in the 
air. His men were close behind him. He called 
out to them, "Come, boys, now behave like men, 
and the enemy will soon run.'^ With these words 
he led his men forward with such force that, sure 
enough, the enemy did soon run. 

This was the last battle that an English king took 
part in. And this King George II. was the man for 
whom Georgia was named. 



THE MAN WHO FORGOT HIS DEBTS 

Robert Castell was an Englishman. He lived 
nearly two hundred years ago. He loved good books 
and fine pictures. 

He thought that he would make a book himself. 
He would be proud to make this book, and besides, 
he thought he would get rich from its sale. So he 
set to work at it. This book told about all kinds of 
houses. He also made pictures of the houses in the 
book. Castell loved this work so much that he 
forgot nearly everything else. He even forgot to pay 
his debts. 

At last the book was finished. It was then 
printed. He now tried to sell his book. But no 
one seemed to want to buy a book about houses. 
Poor Castell did not get rich as he had hoped. In- 
stead, he was badly in debt for the printing cf his book. 

Castell was honest and wanted to pay all he owed. 
But he could not, for now he had no money. Before, 
he forgot to pay his debts. Now, he was not able to 
pay them. 

i6 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 17 

At that time, there was a very bad law in England. 
People who would not pay their debts were put in 
prison. Worse still, those who could not pay them 
were put in prison. There they would stay ^ for 
months and years. They were not let out until their 
debts were paid. Sometimes they stayed in prison 
until they died. 

Now, as Robert Castell had no money, he was sent 
to prison. Some of the people in the prison had 
smallpox. Castell feared to be in this prison, for he 
had never had smallpox. In those days a gre^t 
many people died with it, so he begged to be put in 
another prison. But the keeper would not do this 
unless Castell would pay him money. As Castell 
could give him none, he had to go to the prison where 
the smallpox was. 

There he soon took the disease. He was very sick 
with it. He soon died in the prison. His wife and 
children were left poor and helpless. It was a sad 
thing for Castell and his family, but it proved to be 
a great blessing for thousands of other poor men who 
were shut up in prison. You will soon learn that it 
was also a help to Georgia. 




JAMES EDWARD OGLETHORPE 



THE MAN WHO SETTLED GEORGIA 

James Edward Oglethorpe lived in England. 
When he was a boy, he liked to read about wars. 
He liked to hear old soldiers tell of battles. He 
wanted to be a soldier himself. He went to a school 
for soldiers. He went to the wars before he was 
twenty years old. He was in the English army. 
Young Oglethorpe was in many battles, and he 
fought bravely. 

The wars were soon over, and then England had 
peace. Oglethorpe did not like this. Times of 
peace were too quiet and dull for him. So he went 
away and joined the Austrian army to fight the Turks. 
He had many adventures, and when he was old, he 
would often tell stories of the great, brave days of 
his youth. 

After the war with the Turks ended, he went home 

to England. He found that his father and his older 

brothers had died. This left him the head of the 

Oglethorpe family. He was also left very rich, and 

he had a grand home. He was now made a member 

19 



20 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

of Parliament. You may know that the Parliament 
is a body of men that makes the laws for England. 

Though he was rich, Oglethorpe lived very simply. 
He was kind and good to all. He loved his fellow 
men. He loved his friends very much and would do 
anything he could for them. 

He was a friend to the Robert Castell who died 
in prison. When Oglethorpe heard of CastelPs 
sad death, he grieved very much. He was also 
angry that there was such a cruel law. He thought 
this law ought to be changed, so he got Parliament to 
send some men to see how people were treated in the 
prisons. Oglethorpe was himself one of those sent. 

They went into many prisons. They found the 
prisoners badly treated. They learned that there 
was a special kind of prison for debtors. These 
prisons had iron cages all around the inside next to 
the walls. The cages had narrow openings in them 
next to the streets. The debtors were put into these 
cages. The keepers of the prisons did not feed the 
debtors. They did not clothe them. The debtors 
had to beg from people who passed. If no one gave 
them anything, they did without. Sometimes those 
passing would give them money or food. 

But many a poor man stood at the little window of 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 21 

his cage all day and get nothing. Then he would 
lie down hungry, en the cold, hard floor. Some- 
times they froze cr starved to death. Some of the 
prisoners were in heavy chains, and they were 
often beaten with big sticks or straps. 

Oglethorpe was stirred more than ever after he 
had seen these sights. He was very sorry for the 
poor people. He thought about it a great deal. 
Then he got Parhament to free most of those who 
were in prison for debt. This itself was a great deed, 
but you shall now read of a greater one. 



HOW OGLETHORPE SETTLED GEORGIA 

Oglethorpe could not get the poor people of Eng- 
land off his mind. Even when they were not in 
prison they had hard work to make a living. Ogle- 
thorpe thought of the great tracts of land that were 
lying idle on the other side of the ocean in America. 
He thought if the poor people were on these lands they 
could easily get plenty of food and clothes for them- 
selves. Better still, they could make a new start in 
life. They could again be brave and free. 

So he went to talk with King George. You have 
already read of how brave the king was. He was 
also kind-hearted. Oglethorpe told the king about 
the poor people. He asked the king to give him a 
large tract of land in America. He said he would 
settle these people on the land, and it should all be a 
part of George's kingdom. The king was glad to 
give Oglethorpe the land. 

Then Oglethorpe got about one hundred and thirty 
men, women, and children together to bring to 
America. He would not let any but honest men 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 23 

come. They were glad to get away from the hard life 
in England. 

They crossed the Atlantic in the ship Anne. On 
the way two little boys died. They were buried in 
the ocean. Oglethorpe and his people landed first 
in South Carolina. There they were kindly treated. 
All sorts of food — bread, pork, turkeys, and beeves 
— were sent to them. They thought they had never 
seen a land of such plenty. 

While the people rested for a few days, Oglethorpe 
went to find a place for his town. He went down the 
South Carolina coast, and came into the mouth of 
the Savannah River. He went up the river till he 
came to a high, level bluff. It was called Yama- 
craw Bluff. Here he stopped. Oglethorpe liked 
the place. He thought that God must have meant 
such a beautiful place to be the home of his people. 

There was a tribe of Indians that lived near. 
Oglethorpe went to see them. He asked them to let 
him settle on the bluff. Old Tomochichi, their 
chief, said, ''There is plenty of room for both red 
men and white men. Bring your people on to the 
woods." 

Then Oglethorpe went back for his people. He 
got them ready. Together they all left South Caro- 



24 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

lina to go to Savannah. This was to be the name 
of their new town. They spent their first night on 
the bluff in four big white tents under the tall pine 
trees. Oglethorpe had a small tent to himself under 
three pine trees. 

The next morning Oglethorpe called the people 
together. They had prayer and gave thanks to 
God fcr keeping them safe. Then the men went 
to work to build houses and to clear fields. It was a 
very busy time for all. 

Oglethorpe always treated the Indians kindly. 
They all loved him. An Indian once said, ''We love 
him. It is true he does not give us silver, but he 
gives us everything we want that he has. He has 
given me the coat off his back and the blanket from 
under him." 

Other people came to Savannah. It soon came 
to be quite a little city. Oglethorpe settled other 
towns. He stayed with his people in Georgia nearly 
ten years. Then he went back to England. The 
king praised him, and at last made him commander 
of all his armies. 

A county and also a town in Georgia are proud to 
bear the name of Oglethorpe. 



A GEORGIA KING 

The Indians lived in all the country about 
Savannah. They lived in all Georgia. They were 
divided into many tribes. Each tribe had a ruler 
who was called a chief. The chief was a sort of 
king. 

The Indians that lived near Savannah were called 
Yamacraws. Their chief was named Tomochichi. 
When Oglethorpe came, Tomochichi was nearly 
ninety years old. But he was very straight and more 
than six feet high. As he walked, his step was light 
and springy. His eye was bright and clear, and his 
whole face showed a strong mind and a noble heart. 
He was, indeed, a Georgia king. 

. Tomochichi loved Oglethorpe. He soon saw that 
the Enghsh were very much stronger then the In- 
dians. He knew it would be best for the Indians to 
keep peace with the white people. Tomochichi had 
always been a great warrior, and the other chiefs 
had great respect for him, so he could get the other 

chiefs to do almost as he wished them to do. He 

25 



26 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

got them to come to Savannah to have a ''big talk" 
with Oglethorpe. Many chiefs came. 

They had their "big talk" in one of the new 
houses at Savannah. The chiefs were big, stout 
men. They were dressed in skins, war paint, and 
feathers. They were bold, fierce looking men. 
When all was ready, a chief, called Long King, 
made a speech. Then the other chiefs made 
speeches. Tomcchichi spoke last. Oglethorpe then 
replied to all their speeches in a very kind manner. 
A treaty of peace was made. A treaty is an agree- 
ment between two peoples not to fight each other. 
In this way, Tomochichi was a good friend to Ogle- 
thorpe and his people. 

After some months, Oglethorpe went back to 
England. Tomcchichi and Seenawki, his wife, and 
some other Indians went with him to see that great 
country. 

King George invited the Indians to visit him in his 
fine palace. The Indian king was very proud to 
visit the English king, so when the day for the visit 
came, the Indians dressed themselves in their finest 
beads, their brightest paints, and their longest feath- 
ers. Tomochichi wore also a scarlet mantle of rich 
velvet. It was trimmed with bright gold lace. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 27 

Seenawki wore a bright red dress made almost like 
an Indian dress. The others wore their paints, 
beads, feathers, and blue shawls. 

The king sent three of his fine coaches to take the 
Indians to the palace. Each coach was drawn by 
six beautiful horses. Altogether these Indians made 
a strange sight in the great city of London. Thou- 
sands of people crowded the streets and windows to 
see them pass. 

Then the Indians were led before the king. He 
was seated en his throne with the queen beside him. 
Tomochichi made a speech to King George. At the 
close of his speech, he gave the king a bunch of 
eagle's feathers, and said, ^' These are the feathers 
of the eagle, which is the swiftest of birds, and which 
flieth all around our nation. These feathers signify 
peace in our land and have been carried from town 
to town there. We have brought them over to leave 
with you, O great king, as a sign of everlasting peace 
between your people and our people!" Then King 
George made a speech and gave each of the Indians 
a rich present. 

The Indians spent four months in England. They 
were well treated everywhere. Once they went to 
Eton. This is a famous school for boys. Tomo- 



28 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

chichi liked the exercises. He had spent most of his 
life out in the open air in the woods. He thought 
that boys who were shut up in rooms and bent over 
books must be very tired, so he begged that a 
holiday be given the boys. The boys liked him for 
this and gave him a loud huzza. 

At last one of the Indians died. Then the others 
wanted to come back to Georgia. They brought a 
great many presents with them. They gave some 
of them to the Indians who had not gone to England. 

Tomochichi thought England a fine country. He 
wished that his own people might have schools, 
churches, and cities. He hoped that they might 
learn, and some day be great Hke the English. After 
a time John Wesley came to Georgia to teach the 
Indians. Tomochichi went to meet him, and said, 
*'I am glad you have come to speak the great word 
to us. I will do my best to get our people to listen 
well to you." Seenawki brought Wesley a present 
of a jar of honey and a jar of milk. She said to him, 
"The honey signifies our kind feelings toward you; 
the milk signifies the needs of our children ; so please 
come and teach them.'' 

Tomochichi had a nephew who was named 
Toonahowi. Tomochichi gave Toonahowi to Ogle- 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 29 

thorpe to be educated and brought up as a Christian. 
As long as Tomochichi lived, he was a friend to 
Oglethorpe and the English. He helped them in 
every way he could. 

At last, when he was ninety-seven years old, he 
fell sick. George Whitefield went to see the old 
chief. He found Tomochichi lying on a blanket 
under a great live oak. Seenawki sat by his side 
and cooled him with a fan made of the snow-white 
feathers of a crane. The old chief could not talk 
much. Wliitefield said to him, "Where do you 
think you will go when you die?" Tomochichi 
answered, "To heaven." He died a few hours 
later. 

He was buried in one of the main squares of 
Savannah. That was where he had wished to be 
buried. When you visit Savannah, you may see 
his monument. It is a huge, rough piece of stone 
placed on his grave. Why do you think the stone 
was left rough? 



A GEORGIA PRINCE 

Toonahowi was a young Indian. He was one of 
those that went with Oglethorpe to England. 

King George had a son William, who was the Duke 
of Cumberland. This young prince liked Toona- 
howi, and gave him a fine gold watch. Prince 
Wilham said to Toonahowi, ^'Whenever you look at 
the watch to see the time of day, remember me, and 
call on the name of Jesus, the blessed Saviour of us 
all!" Toonahowi was proud of his watch and he 
loved his young English friend very much. 

Toonahowi once sailed down the Georgia coast 
with Oglethorpe and Tomochichi. They were going 
to see the country. They came in sight cf a large, 
beautiful island. Before that time, the Indians had 
called it Sassafras Island because so many sassafras 
bushes grew there. But now Toonahowi wished its 
name changed. He begged Oglethorpe to call it after 
the name of his friend who had given him the much- 
prized watch, so it was called Cumberland Island, in 

hcnor of Prince William, the Duke of Cumberland. 

30 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 31 

Spaniards lived in Florida just south of Georgia. 
They hated Oglethorpe and his people. Once the 
Spaniards raised a large army. They came over into 
Georgia and began to kill the people and burn their 
houses. Oglethorpe got his men ready and a battle 
was fought in a large marsh. 

Toonahowi had now become the chief of the 
Yamacraws. He fought bravely for the Enghsh in 
this battle. He loved Oglethorpe as Tomochichi 
had loved him. No English soldier fought more 
boldly for Oglethorpe than Toonahowi. Tomochi- 
chi had always wished Toonahowi to be a "big 
warrior." 

In this fight, Toonahowi met a Spanish captain. 
They began to try to kill each other. Toonahowi 
with raised tomahawk was rushing upon the captain. 
The captain fired upon Toonahawi with his pistol. 
The ball broke Toonahowi's arm. Down fell the 
arm and the tomahawk dropped to the ground. 
But Toonahowi, quick as a flash, drew his own pistol 
and shot the Spaniard through the brain. 

The Spaniards were all either killed or driven 
away. So many were killed that the place was called 
Bloody Marsh. The Spaniards did ■ not trouble 
Oglethorpe any further. 



OGLETHORPE'S PEOPLE AND THE 
GEORGES ALLIGATORS 

Oglethorpe's people found many kinds of animals 
in Georgia that they had never seen before. They 
did not know what to make of these animals. Do you 
think the animals knew what to make of the people ? 

There were big rattlesnakes in the woods and 
swamps. These would coil themselves in a great 
heap. Then if anyone came near them, the singing 
of their rattles was dreadful. They bit one or two 
of the people. Those who were bitten died. The 
people were soon very much afraid of the rattle- 
snakes. 

When any of them walked in the woods, they 
would wear big, loose leggings. His fangs could not 
reach through to the flesh. 

There were a great many huge alligators in the 
Savannah River. Have you ever seen an alligator? 
Here is a picture of one. He is a big, ugly beast, and 
looks very dangerous. He is almost covered with 
bony scales. His skin is so thick and hard that a 

33 



34 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 



rifle bullet cannot easily go through it. He has a 
huge mouth, with long, sharp teeth. You would 
think he could swallow a whole boy. Alligators are 
very fond of pigs and puppies, but sometimes they 
swallow stones and pine knots. 

Oglethorpe's people feared these monsters more 
than anything else. They could see great numbers 
of them on the banks of the river. At night they 
could hear the loud bellowing of the alligators. The 
brutes would eat their calves and pigs, and the 
people feared that themselves and their children 
might be eaten also. 

But Oglethorpe did not think the alligators would 
harm the people. He had never known of an alli- 
gator eating a man. He had noticed that when a 
man went near one, the alligator would sHde into the 
water and go away. 

So Oglethorpe thought he would show his people 
that alligators were not very dangerous. He had 
some of his soldiers shoot one so as to cripple it. 
Then it was dragged up into the streets of Savannah. 
Oglethorpe called all the boys to play with the aili- 
gator. They came, a great, merry, shouting crowd. 
They would poke the alligator with sticks. He would 
blow, and slap the ground with his big, long tail. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 35 

They would hit him with stones. He would blow 
and slap again. He would snap his great jaws, and 
then the boys took good care to keep out of his reach. 
The boys kept en poking and beating him. It was 
great fun. At last they killed the alligator. I fear 
that these boys did not have very tender hearts. 

It is nowhere told whether the people were afraid of 
alligators after that. But it is certain that they did 
not run away. They stayed on in their beautiful 
city of Savannah. 



THE CHIEF WHO HAD DREAMS 

When the Georgia colony was not very old, there 
lived a man on the Savannah River in South Carolina, 
who traded with the Indians. His name was Gal- 
phin. He had a trading post in our state. It was 
in what is now Jefferson County. He kept beads, 
ear-rings, and other trinkets. He also had guns, 
powder, shot, and cloth. He traded these things 
to the Indians for all sorts of skins, and sometimes 
for land. 

Once Galphin was at his trading post in Jefferson. 
An old Indian chief came to trade. Galphin was 
wearing a bright red coat. The chief thought it a 
very fine coat. He wanted it for himself. He be- 
gan to plan how he might get it. 

At last the old chief said to Galphin, ''Me had 
dream." 

^'You did?'' said Galphin. "What did you 
dream?" 

''Me dream you give me that coat," said the cun- 
ning old Indian. This was a polite way the Indians 
36 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 37 

had of asking for anything they wanted. If one 
asked for a gift in this way, it was not poHte to refuse 
him. 

''Very well, you shall have the coat," said the 
trader, and so he took off his coat and gave it to the 
chief. 

The chief was very glad. He put on his new coat 
and felt that he was richly dressed. 

The chief owned a large tract of land nearby. 
Galphin wanted this land. He thought he now had 
a chance to get it. He waited for some time till he 
thought the chief had forgotten. At last one day 
he said to him, ''Chief, I had a dream last night." 

^'Ugh! What you dream?" asked the Indian. 

"I dreamed you gave me all this land in the fork 
of these creeks," said Galphin. 

"Well, you take him," said the Indian; "but we 
dream no more. ' ' The Indian chief now thought that 
he had not got his red coat so cheap, after all. No one 
knows what went with the old chief, but Galphin be- 
came rich. The old trading post in Jefferson is now 
called Old Town. 



THE MAN WHO LOVED CHILDREN 

The people in England had heard of the Indians. 
A great many of them were sorry for the Indians. 
They thought the Indians should be taught about 
Christ. They wanted the Indians to have schools 
and churches, so a great many men came to America 
to teach and to preach to them. Among these was 
George Whitefield. 

In Georgia, Whitefield found a great many chil- 
dren whcse fathers and mothers were dead. These 
children were very poor. Often they had not enough 
to eat and almost nothing to wear. Often, too, they 
were cruelly treated. They had hard times. White- 
field felt mere pity for these poor children than he 
did for the Indians. He made up his mind to build 
a home for them. This home should be a place where 
the children would be fed, clothed, and taught. 
Best of all, they were to be loved and treated 
kindly. 

Whitefield did not bother about the Indians any 

more. He went to work for the children. The 
38 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 39 

Georgia trustees gave him five hundred acres of 
land for them. But Whitefield had to get money 
to build a house for the children. He also needed 
money for clothes, furniture, and food for them, 
so he traveled through the colonies and even through 
England to get money. 

At first not many people came to hear him. After 
a time, so many came that when they sang they could 
be heard two miles away. When he asked for money 
for his orphan's home, they gave. Even the poorest 
person gave his little. Once they gave him so much 
money that he could not carry it. I guess he had it 
hauled. 

Another time the great Benjamin Franklin went to 
hear Whitefield. Franklin was a man who always 
wanted to keep his money, so he thought he would 
net give anything. He sat down with the other 
people. He had a pocketful of copper, silver, and 
gold money. Whitefield began to preach. Franklin 
soon found he hked to hear him, so he thought he 
would give the copper money. He listened and liked 
the sermon better and better. Then he made up his 
mind that he would give the silver money. At last 
the sermon was ended. Then a man came around 
with a plate for money. Franklin emptied his whole 



40 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

pocketful of copper, silver, and gold into the plate and 
felt better. 

Whitefield kept at this work of getting money for a 
home for the orphans. At last he had enough. 
Then forty children were taken to the home. They 
were glad to have so good a place to live. They 
worked in the fields and gardens. A good school was 
taught for them. They now had plenty to eat and 
wear. They were taught and kindly treated. 

The home was called The Bethesda Orphans' 
Home. There are many other homes for orphans 
now in Georgia, but this was the first one. 

We have a county named for Whitefield, and also 
one for Franklin. 



SOME LIBERTY BOYS 

For a Icng time, Georgia was under the rule of 
England. After awhile some of the people thought 
England was not treating them right. Then they 
wanted Georgia to be free from England. Those 
who wanted to be free called themselves Liberty 
Boys. Those who wanted Georgia to be ruled by 
England were called Tories. The Liberty Boys and 
Tories soon came to hate each other very much. 
Then there was a great war. It was called the 
Revolution. 

A great many men who hved in Savannah were 
Liberty Boys. Edward Telfair was one; John 
Milledge was another. Dr. Noble Wimberly Jones 
was one of their leaders. He was called the ''Morn- 
ing Star of Liberty." Archibald Bulloch and Joseph 
Habersham were two others. There were many 
besides these. 

In Savannah, there was a large quantity of powder 
that belonged to the English. General Washington 

was getting ready for war, and the Liberty Boys did 

41 




JAMES HABERSHAM 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 



43 



not have enough powder, so they planned to take 
the EngHsh powder for themselves. 

When night came, they met in a quiet place. 
They made as Httle noise as they could. They made 
their plans, and when most people were asleep, they 
went to the house where the powder was stored. With 
axes and heavy pieces of wood, they broke in the 
door of the house. Then they went in and each took 
all the powder he could carry. They took part of 
it to the garrets and cellars of their houses. This 
was used by these Georgia Liberty Boys. A part of 
it they sent to South Carolina and Massachusetts. 
It is said that some of this powder was used by 
Washington's soldiers at the battle of Bunker Hill. 
The British governor of Georgia tried very hard to 
find out who took the powder, but he could not. 

About two months after this, the people of Savan- 
nah heard that a British ship was coming to their 
town. It was loaded with powder for the British 
and Indians in Georgia. The Liberty Boys did not 
like this, so they made up their minds to meet the 
ship, and take the powder for themselves. 

A vessel was made ready. It had ten cannon and 
fifty men. It was put under the command of Captain 
Bowen and Joseph Habersham. Then the ship's 



44 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

anchor was raised, its sails were spread, and it went 
gliding down the river. It passed from the river and 
out to sea a little way. There it waited. 

At last the Liberty Boys on board saw the tips of 
a ship's masts over the water. They thought this 
might be the British powder ship, so they watched 
and waited. On, on, the ship came, and they could 
see more and more of it. Then they saw the white 
sails and the British flags. The vessel came on like 
some great bird. 

The Liberty Boys waited till it had begun to enter 
the mouth of the river. Then they spread all their 
sails, and started after the powder ship. 

The British captain saw them, and had his ship 
turned about. He wanted to get away. He would 
not wait to fight. He sailed straight out to deep sea. 
The Liberty Boys followed fast. They gained on 
the British vessel. When they were near enough, 
they fired on it till the British gave up. 

The Liberty Boys took all the powder. They kept 
a part for themselves and sent a part to Philadelphia 
for General Washington. He used this powder to 
drive the British from Boston. This was the first 
British ship taken by the Americans in the Revolu- 
tion, The powder was a great help to the Americans. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FTME 45 

The British governor of Georgia was Sir James 
Wright. He was a very good governor, but the 
Liberty Boys thought Georgia ought no longer to be 
ruled by a British governor; so they made up their 
minds he must be taken and shut up in prison. 

Joseph Habersham said he would arrest Wright, 
so he took a few of his friends and went to the gover- 
nor's house. He boldly passed the man who was on 
guard at the door. Straight on into the house 
Habersham walked. He soon found the governor 
and some members of his council. Habersham went 
right up to the governor, and put his hand on his 
shoulder. Then he boldly said, "Sir James, you are 
my prisoner." The governor thought Habersham 
had a whole army outside to help him, so he gave 
himself up. The members of the council at once ran 
away. Some of them were in such a great hurry to 
leave, they went out at the windows. The governor 
was shut up a prisoner in his own house. He was 
the last British governor that Georgia had. 

In these ways and many others, the Liberty Boys 
did much to free Georgia. Habersham County is 
named for this Major Habersham. 




GEORGE WALTON 



THE BOY WHO STUDIED BY PINE KNOTS 

. George Walton's father and mother died when he 
was a very small boy. Then no one seemed to care 
for him. At last he was given into the charge of a 
carpenter. This carpenter agreed to teach George 
how to build houses. George was to work for him 
till he should be grown. 

This man made him work very hard. George did 
n(,t mind that, for he liked to work, but he wanted 
to learn, too. As he worked the whole of every day 
except Sunday, he had no time to go to school 

He soon made up his mind that he would learn 
all he could, anyway; so after his day's work was 
done, he would gather into the house a great heap of 
rich pine knots. These make a bright light. The 
carpenter would not let George burn candles. That 
would cost too much. George would build a fire of 
his pine knots. He would then read and study by 
its light. Sometimes he had to borrow books. 

Other boys would go to serenade or to hunt at night. 
They said they had good times and great fun They 

47 



48 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

would beg George to go with them, but he thought 
this would be wasting time. So he would not go. 
He stayed by his pine knot fire with his books. 

He did his carpenter work very well and kept at it. 
His master liked him and gave him a chance to make 
some money for himself. George saved his money. 
At last the carpenter thought George had done 
enough work for him. So he set George free long 
before his time was out. 

Young Walton took his books and what money he 
had saved and came to Savannah. There he studied 
law. He soon became a good lawyer. 

He fought in the Revolution. Then he was sent 
to the Congress of the colonies. George Walton, 
Button Guinnett, and Lyman Hall were the men from 
Georgia who signed the Declaration of Independence. 
This was a great paper that said all the colonies were 
free and independent. It was a great honor to have 
signed this paper. Walton was sent to Congress six 
times. He was one. of the governors of Georgia. 
He also became a judge. There is a county named 
for each of the men who signed the Declaration of 
Independence. 

What do you think George Walton would have 
been if he had not studied by his pine knot fire ? 



THE PEOPLE'S FIRST GOVERNOR 

After the Liberty Boys arrested Sir James Wright, 
they then made Archibald Bulloch governor. They 
called him "president." That was the same as 
"governor," at that time. He was a noble patriot 
of the Revolution. He was the first governor that 
the people of Georgia elected for themselves. Before 
that time, the English king had always sent them a 
governor. 

Bulloch thought a government ought to be for the 
good of all the people. He thought that all men 
should have equal rights in the state. He did not 
think the people's money should be spent for fine 
dress and show for the state's officers. 

He was made "president" of Georgia in 1776. 
At that time. Colonel Lachlan McLitosh was in com- 
mand of the Georgia soldiers at Savannah. Colonel 
Mcintosh thought that he would compliment the new 
"president" and show respect for him. So he sent a 
soldier in fine uniform to stand guard at the door of 
the "president's" house. 

Bulloch did not like this. He knew it was meant 

49 




ARCHIBALD BULLOCH 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 5i 

to honor him and his office, but he said that he was 
only a servant of the people, and that he did not wish 
any show made for him. So he politely asked Colonel 
Mcintosh to send the soldier away. 

When the Declaration of Independence was made, 
a copy of it was sent to the governor of each state. A 
copy was sent to Governor Bulloch. He at once let 
the people know the good news that they were free 
from England. They then gathered at the Liberty 
Pole. This was a tall pole with a flag at the top. 
It stood in one of the main streets. 

The people were shouting and making gay music- 
Bulloch got on a high place and read the Declaration 
to them. Bulloch was the first man to read the 
Declaration of Independence in Georgia. 

Thirteen salutes were fired from the cannon in 
honor of the thirteen states. Great crowds of men 
and boys marched through the streets to the sound of 
fife and drum. Then they had a great dinner. 
Everybody ate. At night there were great bonfires 
that lit up the whole city. The people were glad to be 
free from England. Georgia was then an independ- 
ent state. 

There is a fine, rich county in the eastern part of the 
state that is named for Bullcch. 



"COME AND TAKE IT" 

In olden times, Sparta was a city across the sea in 
Greece. The men of Sparta were very brave and 
warlike. Leonidas, the King of Sparta, was once 
holding a narrow pass between the mountains and 
the sea. This pass was a sort of gate to his country. 
He had with him three hundred of his bold Spartan 
soldiers. 

The Persians were eager to march through this 
pass. They wanted to get into Greece to make war 
on the people. There were thousands and thousands 
of the Persians. The Persian King was sure the 
little band of Spartans would be afraid of his great 
army, so he sent Leonidas an order to give up the 
pass. Do you know the reply of Leonidas ? It was 
only these words, "Come and take it." That was a 
short way to tell the Persians that they would have to 
fight for the pass if they got it. 

Now, do you know that a Georgia soldier once 
sent a reply like that? His name was John Mcin- 
tosh. He was of a famous Scotch family that had 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 53 

made its home in Georgia. He was a brave soldier 
in the time of the Revolution. 

He was once in command of the American fort at 
Sunbiiry. The British, under Colonel Fuser, came to 
take this fort. They made their camps all about the 
fort. Now and then they would fire on it with their 
cannon. This was meant to frighten Colonel Mc- 
intosh and his Georgians. It was kept up for several 
days. 

At last Fuser sent Mcintosh word to give up the 
fort to him. Mcintosh sent back the bold message: 
"Come and take it." Then it seemed that Fuser 
thought that he did not very much want the fort, 
anyway. At any rate, he did not try to take it. He 
soon marched away with his red-coated British 
soldiers. 

Later, the Georgia Legislature gave Colonel Mc- 
intosh a beautiful sword. On it were the words: 
"Come and take it." Mcintosh became a general. 
He had an uncle. General Lachlan Mcintosh, who 
was also a famous soldier in the Revolution. 

Mcintosh County is named for this family. 



HOW SEVEN CAPTURED ONE HUNDRED 
AND FIFTY 

The British had taken Sunbury and Augusta. 
They had also taken Savannah and had a large army 
there. General Prevost was in command of the 
British in Savannah. 

General Washington sent General Lincoln to take 
Savannah from the British. When Prevost heard 
this, he sent for the other British soldiers in Georgia 
to come and help him. 

At Sunbury, there was a large body of British. 
About one hundred and fifty of them tried to sail up 
the coast to Savannah in five small ships, but the 
winds were against them. At last they could go no 
farther in the ships, so they landed about fifteen 
miles from Savannah. They hoped to shp into the 
city before the Americans could find them, but 
night came on too soon for them, and they had to 
camp in the woods. 

Colonel John White was a Georgia soldier. He 
found out where the British were camped for the 

54 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 55 

night. He made up his mind that he would take them 
prisoners. He told his plans to the other American 
officers. They laughed at him, but he did not care 
for that. He tried his plan, anyway. 

After dark, he took six of his friends and went near 
the British camp. They were near enough to see the 
British fires. They could see the men moving about. 

Colonel White and his friends then built a long line 
of fires as though a large number of men were in 
camp. Then he and his men moved from one end of 
this line of fires to the other. They got on their 
horses and rode about in great haste. They would 
gallop the whole length of the line. They gave 
orders in loud tones as if they were giving commands 
to several hundred men. All this they did to make 
the British think that a large army was there. 

At last. Colonel White rode his horse at full speed 
into the British camp. He rode up to the officer who 
was in command. ^^ Surrender ! Surrender at once ! ' ' 
he shouted. "Do you not see all my men yonder? 
They are eager to fall on your men. I have held 
them back for hours. I can't keep them in check 
much longer. Surrender at once, or they will kill 
you all.*' 

At this moment, one of White's men dashed up to 



56 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

him. ^' Where shall we place the cannon, sir?" he 
said. 

"Wait," replied White to him. "Wait awhile to 
place the cannon. The British will surrender. Go, 
send me six guides." 

Colonel White had made his plans to fool the 
British. Sure enough, they were fooled. Their 
commander thought Colonel White had a large body 
of men about that long line of blazing fires, so he 
handed his sword to White and said he would sur- 
render. Then the soldiers gave up their guns. 
About that time, Wliite's lone six men came up. They 
pretended to be the guides White had sent for. 

White took charge of the British and led them into 
the American camp. The officers who had laughed 
at his plans now praised his deed. Can you guess 
how mad the British were when they saw that only 
seven Americans had captured one hundred and 
fifty of them ? 

Georgia has a county named for this Colonel John 
White. 



A BAREFOOT CAPTAIN 

Benjamin Taliaferro joined the American army 
when he was about sixteen years old. At first, he 
was a lieutenant, but he was so good a soldier, that 
he was soon made a captain. 

Taliaferro was in General George Washington's 
army. The Americans were having a hard time. 
They did not have many men. Even these some- 
times had to do without food, and sometimes almost 
without clothes. 

Often as they marched over the snow, their bare feet 
left tracks of blood. 

The British thought that they were going to whip 
the Americans. One of their generals said, ^^At last 
we have run down the old fox and we shall bag him 
in the morning." By the "old fox," he meant Gen- 
eral Washington. 

But they did not catch the "old fox." Instead? 
during the night. General Washington slipped around 
behind the British army. When day came, there was 
the "old fox" ready for a fight. The British General 

57 



58 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

was SO surprised he did not know what to do. 
General Washington began a battle that lasted only 
twenty minutes. All of the British who could, soon 
ran away, but some of them were captured. 

Taliaferro and his men took a company of British 
prisoners. The British captain of this company was 
dressed in a rich, red uniform. He looked very 
fine. He called for the American captain. He 
wanted to give him his sword. This Vv^as to show that 
he had surrendered to the Americans. 

Captain Taliaferro had on no shoes. His clothes 
were torn and ragged. He was brave in battle, 
but he was ashamed to come out before this richly 
dressed British captain. He feared that the British 
soldiers would laugh at his ragged clothes and bare 
feet, but soon he stepped forward and took the 
sword. Then he and his men marched the British 
away to prison. The British soon knew that they 
could not conquer soldiers who would fight when 
they had few clothes and Httle food. 

Benjamin Taliaferro lived in Georgia many years. 
The people put him in several places of power and 
trust. They also named a county for him. 



THE MAN WHO WENT BACK FOR PULASKI 

Count Pulaski was a nobleman who came from 
Poland. He fought for the Americans in many 
battles of the Revolution. He was a bold leader 
of a legion of horsemen. 

Thomas Glascock was one of the captains of 
Pulaski's legion. Glascock was a Georgian. His 
home was at Augusta. 

The Americans tried to take Savannah from the 
British. Pulaski and his legion were helping. They 
laid siege to the city for many days. At last the 
Americans made a great attack on Savannah, and a 
fierce battle was fought. 

Pulaski rode a large black horse. While the battle 
was raging, Pulaski saw an opening in the British 
ranks. He thought that would be a good place to 
break through. He hoped that he might charge 
through this and win the battle, so he put himself 
at the head of his men and called on them to follow 
him. Then the lines of horsemen dashed forward, 
Glascock among the rest. Their swords glittered 

59 



6o MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

in the sunlight and their shouts could be heard far 
away. On, on, they rode, fast as the wind. 

But the British were ready for them. When 
Pulaski and his men were near enough, the British 
cannon boomed, boomed, on them, and many of the 
bold riders fell dead. Pulaski himself was shot. 
His horse reared, and the Polish leader fell to the 
ground. His men were still falling. They could not 
stand the fire from the cannon, so they had to turn 
their horses and run away. Pulaski was left behind. 
They thought he was dead. 

Glascock soon found that Pulaski had been shot 
and left behind. He at once rode back. Glascock 
meant to bring him away. The balls were flying 
and whistling and screeching on all sides. It seemed 
almost certain death to go among them. Glascock 
dashed ahead. He searched everywhere for Pulaski. 
At last he found him. He was still alive. Glascock 
tenderly lifted him to his own horse and carried 
him out of the way of danger, but Pulaski could 
not live, for he was hurt too badly. He died and was 
buried in the sea, not far from Savannah. 

Glascock lived to be honored by Georgia in many 
ways. There is a county named for Glascock and 
one for Pulaski. 



ROBERT SALLETTE 

Robert Sallette lived in Liberty County, but he 
had not always lived there. No one seemed to know 
where he came from. Not much was known about 
him. 

But one thing was certain. Sallette hated the 
British and Tories. He fought them in every way 
he could. He fought them so hard that they wanted 
him out of the way. They feared him very much. 
So a rich Tory said that he would give a large sum 
of money to whoever would cut off Sallette 's head 
and bring it to him. 

Sallette thought that he would like to have the 
money for himself, so he got a bag and put a 
pumpkin in it. He slung the bag over his head and 
went to the Tory's house. Sallette put the bag on 
the floor so that it struck with a big noise. He told 
the Tory that he had brought Sallette 's head. So he 
had, but it was not in the bag. He told the Tory he 
wanted the money. 

The Tory had never seen Sallette, so he thought 

6i 



62 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

this man had Sallette's head in the bag on the floor 
before him. Then he counted out the money and 
put it on the table. He was very glad to think that 
there was no more danger from Robert Sallette. 
He then asked the man to show him the head. 

Sallette took off his hat, leaned toward the Tory, 
tapped himself on his forehead and said, "Here is 
the head of Robert Sallette." 

The Tory was so frightened that he did not wait to 
look at it. He ran with all his might. 

Sallette put the money in his pocket and left. He 
was well pleased at carrying Sallette's head to the 
Tory. 



THE WAR WOMAN 

Nancy Hart lived in Elbert County in the time of 
the Revolution. She was tall, large, and strong. 
She had a hot temper and feared nothing. 

She hated the British and Tories with all her heart, 
but she was always ready to help the American sol- 
diers in any way she could. She would give them 
whatever she had to eat. Sometimes she gave the 
hungry Americans all the food she had in the house. 

On one day, five Tories came to her house. They 
asked her for something to eat. She said that she 
had nothing left but an old turkey gobbler. She 
said she did not want to feed Tories anyway. This 
made them angry. One of them shot the turkey 
and told her to cook it for them. 

She then began to plan some way to get even with 
them. She went to work to cook a dinner for them. 
They put their guns down in a comer. Then they 
seated themselves to rest and talk. She laughed and 
talked with them. Soon they had no fear of her. 

At last she had the dinner ready. The Tories were 

63 



64 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

hungry. They sat down to the table to eat. They 
were soon busy with the old gobbler. Nancy told 
her daughter to go to the spring and bring some fresh 
water. She also made a sign to her daughter to blow 
a conch shell so that help would come. The Tories 
did not see her make this sign. 

While the Tories were eating, Nancy put two of 
their guns through a crack. They did not see her do 
this, but they saw her when she tried to put the 
third one through. They sprang from the table and 
tried to seize her, but she pointed one of the guns at 
them. She told them to stop. She said she would 
shoot the first man who moved. After a time one of 
them stepped toward her. She shot him dead. Then 
another tried to get to her. She shot him also. 

Then no more of them dared try to come toward 
her, but they tried to make friends with her. They 
thought she might still let them have their guns and 
they would get away, but they were men who had 
killed some of her friends, and had burned their 
houses. She thought they were not true to their 
country and were fighting against it, so she hated 
them too much to let them get away. She kept the 
gun pointed at the Tories, and the Tories kept their 
distance. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 65 

Soon help came. Some of the Liberty Boys had 
heard the conch shell. They took the other three 
Tories and hanged them. 

Nancy Hart helped the Americans a great deal. 
Hart County was named in her honor. The Indians 
named a creek for her. They called it War Woman 
Creek. 



TAKEN FOR SPIES 

While Georgia was in the hands of the British, 
little was to be gained in the state by fighting them, 
there were so many of them. 

So John Milledge and James Jackson made up 
their minds to go together to General Moultrie's army 
in South Carolina. They were each about twenty- 
one years of age. Their clothes were very ragged and 
they had no shoes. Times were hard in Georgia. 

There was danger from Indians, Tories, and 
British in every nook and corner of the woods. They 
did not know what moment an Indian would fire at 
them from behind some rock or tree. They could 
imagine Tories and British everywhere, ready to take 
them and kill them, but they went on. They wanted 
to help General Moultrie in his battles against the 
British. 

They crossed the Savannah River into South 
Carolina. Not far from the river, some men came up 
in front of them, and shouted, ''Halt!'' Milledge 
and Jackson were not frightened. They thought 

66 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 67 

these men were friends. They could see from their 
uniforms that the men were American soldiers. 
As Milledge and Jackson were American soldiers, 
they thought they had nothing to fear. 

But these Americans were looking for some 
British spies. They did not know the two young 
men they had met. They thought Milledge and 
Jackson looked like some spies of whom they had 
heard, so the American soldiers said, ^'You are the 
spies we have been hunting." 

*^No," replied the young men. "We are not spies. 
We are soldiers from Georgia, and we are going now 
to join the army of General Moultrie." 

The men did not believe Milledge and Jackson. 
They said to them, "We are sure you are spies, and 
we are going to hang you." 

The two young men did not fear death so much 
as they dreaded the shame of being hung for spies, 
so they begged for their lives. Still the soldiers 
would not believe them, and began to get ready to 
hang them. 

By chance, just at that time, a Major Devaux came 
up. He knew the soldiers. He also knew Milledge 
and Jackson. He told the soldiers that the two 
young men were Americans like themselves, and 



68 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

that they were good patriots. Thus their lives were 
saved, and they found themselves among friends. 
Then they went on and joined General Moultrie's 
army. 

Both these young men lived through the war. 
Each was in time made Governor of Georgia. The 
city of Milledgeville was named for John Milledge. 
He it was who gave the land upon which the State 
University at Athens stands. 



GENERAL ELIJAH CLARKE 

Elijah Clarke lived on a farm in Wilkes County. 
When the Revolution began he joined the American 
army. He was made a colonel, and soon got into a 
battle. He was shot in the hg. Then he had to go 
home till he could be well again. 

Soon the British and Tories began to kill and rob 
the people of Georgia. Clarke heard this news. 
He at once buckled on his sword, and took his rifle 
down from over the door, and mounted his horse. 
Then he rode day and night. He was getting the 
patriots together to fight the British. He soon had a 
band of one hundred brave Georgians. They were 
horsemen and carried long rifles. 

These men lived most of their time in the woods 
and swamps. They did not often sleep in a house. 
They feared they would be taken prisoners. They 
had to suffer from hunger, thirst, and cold. They 
fought the enemy whenever they could, and whipped 
the British in a bloody battle at Kettle Creek. 

This life was so hard that many of Colonel Clarke's 

men left him. Once there were only twenty. He 

69 



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ELIJAH CLARKE 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 71 

went to work and soon raised the number to three 
hundred. Then he tried to take Augusta from the 
British. He failed, but he got more men and tried 
again. This time they took it. 

During the war, Clarke was wounded four times. 
Then he had smallpox. He was sick with it for six 
weeks, but each time, as soon as he was able to 
mount his horse, he would fight the British again. 

Once he was taken prisoner. Two soldiers were 
set to guard him. He knocked one of them down 
with his fist. The other ran. Thus Clarke got away 
and went to his own men. He did a great deal to 
take care of the women and children. His own wife 
and daughter were driven from home by the Tories. 
They had only one poor httle horse to go on. They 
did not go far before this was taken from them. This 
made Clarke very angry. 

Once over four hundred women and children came 
to him for help. They begged him to lead them to a 
safe place. He carried them into Kentucky where 
there were no British and Tories. 

Clarke was one of Georgia's greatest heroes. He 
became a general in the Revolution. It would take a 
whole book to tell of all his brave deeds. There is a 
fine county named for him. 




JAMES JACKSON 



JAMES JACKSON 

James Jackson was not bom in Georgia, but in 
England. He lived there till he was about fifteen 
years old. Then his father sent him to Savannah 
to live with John Wereat. This was a good home 
for him, for Wereat was one of Georgia's great 
men. He sent young Jackson to the best schools in 
Savannah. He also gave him a chance to study 
law. 

Jackson was a good pupil and did well in all his 
studies. In time he grew to be a fine young man. 
Then he was a soldier in the Revolution. He helped 
Colonel Clarke take Augusta. As they could not at 
first take this city, they had to wait for more men to 
help them. It was several weeks before help came 
from South Carolina. 

Some of the Georgia soldiers served out their time 

while they were waiting. Then they wanted to go 

home. They were ragged and hungry and tired of 

war, but they stayed on because they loved Colonel 

Clarke. 

73 



74 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

After a time Clarke became ill with smallpox. 
Then these soldiers said they would leave the army 
and go home. The officer who was in Colonel 
Clarke's place could do nothing with them. He 
begged and made threats, but that did not change 
their minds. Then he asked Jackson to help him. 
Jackson said, "Get the men together and let me talk 
to them." 

So the soldiers were called together in a large open 
space in the camp. Then Jackson rode up in front 
of their lines. They looked very cross and angry. 
When he began to speak, they hooted and jeered. 
But he did not scold nor abuse them. Then they 
listened to him. He told them that the British were 
holding a part of Georgia, their own state. He said 
to them, "You are brave men, and you must be 
heroes and stay and fight to take Augusta from the 
British." He spoke to them so well that soon they 
were pleased. They threw up their hats and caps 
and gave him a loud, glad cheer. 

When they were quiet again, Jackson asked all who 
would stay to hold up their hands. The hand of 
every man went up. They kept their promise to 
Jackson. They stayed and fought till Augusta was 
taken. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA S NAME AND FAME 75 

Jackson and his men fought hard for Georgia. 
When the Revolution ended, the British gave up 
Savannah to General Anthony Wayne. Wayne 
said, "The keys of the city must be handed not to 
myself, but to my young brother officer, Colonel 
James Jackson." General Wayne said that Jack- 
son had done more than any other man to take 
Savannah. 

So the keys were handed to Jackson, and he was 
the first Georgian to go riding into the city after it 
was given up. 

Jackson also served the state well after the war was 
over. Jackson County is named in his honor. 



KATE 

Stephen Heard was one of Clarke's riflemen. He 
was in a good many fights. Later he became a 
Governor of Georgia. Heard County bears his 
name. 

In the Revolution, Heard had a big gray horse. 
Its feet were white. So Heard called his horse 
Silver-Heels. Wherever there was fighting, there 
might be found Heard and. Silver-Heels. This 
horse could run very fast, and more than once saved 
Heard's life. 

But one time, neither of them was fast enough, 
and Heard was taken prisoner by the Tories. They 
carried him to Augusta. There they gave him up to 
the British commander of the fort. The British 
officers tried Heard for fighting against King George. 
They said that Heard must be hung. But they did 
not hang him at once. He was kept in the British 
camp several days. 

His wife and children were at home. They were 

very sad when they were told that he was to be 
76 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 77 

hung. They did not know what to do to save his 
life. 

Heard owned a large, strong negro woman, named 
Kate. The whole family had great faith in Kate. 
She told them not to grieve. "He ain't dead yit," 
she said. "I gwine go to de Gusty and git Massa 
Stephen away from dem Britishers." 

So Kate went to Augusta. There she hired herself 
to the British commander to wait upon him and to 
wash for the officers She did her work well and she 
was very polite. They all liked Kate. It was not 
long before they would let her go where she pleased 
about the fort. 

But the British soon found out that Kate was 
Heard's slave. They did not send her away, for they 
liked her work too well. They did not think of her 
being able to help Heard to get away from them. 

The British soldiers like to tease Kate. They 
would tell her that her master was going to be shot 
for a spy. She told them that when that was done, 
they ought to catch some of his blood and drink 
it. She said it would make braver, better men of 
them. 

Kate waited and watched for her chance. At last 
one day she had a great lot of clothes to wash. She 



78 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

was going to take them outside the fort to wash them. 
She had a wheelbarrow on which to carry them. 

When no one was looking, she made Heard get on 
the wheelbarrow. She piled clothes over him. She 
hid him under the clothes. Then she rolled the 
clothes outside, Heard under them. It was a heavy 
load for her, but Kate was strong. She rolled them 
on and on. At last she had her load out of sight of 
the soldiers at the fort. Then she took the clothes 
off and Heard was free. He was very glad, too. 
Kate left her washing, and went home to tell the good 
news. 

The next day Heard was helping Clarke fight the 
British again. He was careful not to be taken 
prisoner any more. 

Then Heard told Kate that she might be free, but 
she said she did not want to be free. She wanted to 
stay "at home" with her master and his folks. Kate 
lived to be very old. She was always loved by the 
Heards. 



THE FAITHFUL BROTHER 

The first time Clarke tried to take Augusta, help 
came to the British. Then they swarmed out of the 
fort and tried to take the Georgians. There were so 
many of the British and Tories that the Georgians 
had to run away or be killed. 

Many of Clarke's men had been wounded. These 
could not be carried away. So they were taken 
prisoners. 

In Clarke's army, were two brothers. Their name 
was Glass. One of them was fifteen years old, and 
the other was seventeen. They were very young 
soldiers. 

Both of these boys fought well. They did their 
best. In the fight, the older brother was- shot in 
his legs. He was crippled so that he could not 
walk. 

The younger brother was not hurt. He could have 
got away, but he loved his brother and would not 
leave him. He took him on his back and tried to 
carry him away from danger. But the older one was 

79 



8o MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

large and he was small. The little fellow could not 
carry him fast enough. So the British soldiers made 
them both prisoners, and took them into the fort. 

The commander of the fort was a Tory. He was 
a very cruel man. He wanted to see some of the 
Georgians suffer. So he had thirteen of the wounded 
soldiers killed. Among these were the two brothers. 
Thus the younger of them gave up his life in trying 
to save that of the older. 



THE MAN WHO SAVED THE RECORDS 

The records of the state are accounts of the acts 
of its officers. Such records are kept in large books. 
The records of a state are worth a great deal in many 
ways. 

Once it was feared that the British would destroy 
the records of Georgia. So Captain John Milton took 
them and carried them to Charleston in South Caro- 
lina. He put them in a safe place there. He then 
went back to the army. 

Soon the British began to get ready to take Charles- 
ton. Then the records were in danger again. So 
Milton asked to be sent to move them to some other 
safe place. He wanted to take care of them. He 
moved them this time in wagons to Newbern in 
North Carolina. Charleston was taken by the 
British soon afterwards. This showed that Milton 
had been right to move them away. 

A third time the records were in danger. Then 
Milton moved them to Maryland. There he left 
them till it was safe for him to bring them back to 

8x 



82 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Georgia. Milton had saved the records three times. 
He had thus done the state a great service. 

The British once took Milton prisoner. They 
carried him to St. Augustine in Florida. There they 
put him in a dungeon. A dungeon is a close, dark 
room of a prison. It is under the ground. In this 
dismal place, Milton lay for nine months. In all this 
time, he hardly saw the light of day. You may be 
sure he was glad to get out and come home to Georgia. 

Captain Milton was Georgia's first Secretary of 
State. He was given the office three times. When 
the time came to elect a President, the Georgia vote 
was given to Milton. A county is named in his 
honor. 



EDWARD TELFAIR 

One of the finest sights in Savannah is the Telfair 
Art Gallery. The building is a large one. It is set 
in beautiful grounds, and in it are many elegant 
statues and grand pictures. 

Edward Telfair was born in Scotland. When he 
was a young man, he came to Georgia. He was one 
of the Liberty Boys who helped Habersham to take 
the British powder. He was also a member of the 
Congress of the colonies. He grew rich through 
trade. When he died, he left his money to his 
daughters. They gave a part of it to build the 
Telfair Art gallery. 

Telfair was Governor of Georgia when President 
George Washington visited the state in 1791. 
Washington came first to Savannah. Many people 
went there to see him. After that he went to Augusta, 
which was then the capital of Georgia. Some men 
on horseback traveled with him up through the 
country from Savannah to Augusta. 

Governor Telfair and some of the people rode 

'83 



84 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 



out to meet Washington and make him welcome. 
Telfair had a large, beautiful home near Augusta. 
It was called ''The Grove." Here he entertained 
Washington while he stayed in Georgia. 

The Governor took Washington and his party to 
visit Richmond Academy. This was a fine school in 




TELFAIR ACADEMY OF ARTS AXD SCIENCES 



Augusta. They heard some speeches while at the 
school. Washington liked the speeches. He wrote 
down the names of the speakers. When he went 
back home, he sent each of them a nice book. He 
also wrote Governor Telfair a good letter. In it the 
President thanked Telfair and the Georgia people 
for treating him so well. 

While Telfair was Governr r, a man named Chis- 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 85 

holm sued the state. The court decided in favor of 
Chisholm. Telfair, did not think any man should 
have the right to sue the state, so he said that he 
would lock up any officer who tried to carry out the 
judgment of the court. 

It was a vexing question. So to settle it forever, 
the United States took a hand in the matter. It v/as 
then written down in the Constitution of our country 
that no citizen should have the right to sue any state. 
This all came about from Telfair's strong will. 

Georgia has named a county in his honor. 



A YOUNG INDIAN FIGHTER 

George Matthews was born in Virginia. Even 
when he was a boy, he was very brave. One day 
he and some other boys heard guns firing. They 
thought there was a shooting match at the house of 
a neighbor. 

They got on their horses, and rode to their neigh- 
bor's house. It was not a shooting match. The 
Indians had come and killed all the family at that 
house. 

When George and the other boys rode up, they saw 
the dead bodies lying in the yard. The boys were 
scared. They turned their horses, and ran away 
from the place. They had no guns to fight the 
Indians with. 

They did not run away too quickly. The Indians 
had hidden themselves, so that they could kill anyone 
else who might come. As the boys ran, the Indians 
fired. Some of the bullets came very close. One 
came so close that it cut George's cue off. In those 
days, the men and boys wore their hair long. They 

86 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

wore it in a long plait calle a cue. The boys made 
their horses run faster than ever. 

George got away without any other harm to him- 
self. But he was very angry with the Indians. He 
got some men to go with him to try to find 
these bad Indians. Soon they overtook them and 
there was a fight. They killed nine of the Indians. 
George fought as bravely as any of the men. 

When Matthews was older, he became a great 
Indian fighter. He also fought in the Revolution, 
and became a general. After he settled in Georgia, 
he was twice Governor of the state. He was also 
sent to Congress by the people. 



THE GUN THAT FAILED TO FIRE 

David Emanuel lived in Burke County. Just 
south of Burke is another large, rich county that bears 
the name of Emanuel. The people once made David 
Emanuel Governor of the state. During the Revolu- 
tion, he was very busy fighting the British and Tories 
in Georgia. Once he and two friends were taken 
prisoners by some Tories. They were carried away. 
They did not know what was to be done with them. 

The Tories stopped when they came to a creek. 
They talked for a time about what they should do 
vdth Emanuel and the other two men. They said 
the prisoners would be in their way if they tried to 
keep them. They said it would not do to let Emanuel 
and his friends go, for then they would be fighting 
the British and Tories again. After awhile, the 
Tories thought the easiest thing to do would be to 
shoot their prisoners. Besides, the Tories could have 
the clothes of the three friends if they were killed. 
So the Tories said they would shoot them. 

It was a dark night. The Tories built a big fire. 
They then named three of their number to do the 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 89 

shooting. A big negro was to shoot Emanuel. He 
was to have Emanuel's clothes for killing him. 

When all was ready, the three men were stripped. 
Then they were made to stand near the fire, where 
they could be easily seen. The men who were to 
shoot them next stepped out with their guns, and 
took their places. Then the command, "Fire," was 
given. Two of the guns fired, and Emanuel's friends 
fell dead. But the negro's gun did not fire and 
Emanuel was not hurt. 

He did not wait for the negro to fix his gun to shoot 
at him again. He quickly leaped over the fire, and 
ran off as fast as his legs could carry him. He did not 
get far before a vine tripped him, and he fell into a 
bog of soft mud. Into this he sunk almost to his 
neck. The Tories were coming close behind him. 
He kept very still. They whooped and shouted and 
hunted for him everywhere. Some of the Tories 
almost stepped on him. 

In hunting for him, they got some distance away. 
Then he pulled himself out of the mud and ran off. 
He did not waste any time, and was soon lost to the 
Tories in the woods. He got safely away, and went 
home. After that the Tories tried to catch him again, 
but they never did. 



AN INDIAN ATTACK 

Every year the British would send beads, ear-rings, 
finger-rings, knives, guns, shot, powder, cloth, and 
other presents to the Indians in Georgia. The red 
men were very proud to have such things, and they 
thought very highly of the English people. So the 
Indians fought for the British in the Revolution. 
Even after the war was over, they would not leave off 
killing the Georgia people. 

Soon after the war, a man whose name was William 
Tyner lived in Elbert County. His wife and five 
children hved with him. Mary and Tamar were the 
two oldest children. A boy named Noah was next. 
Then there was a smaller one, and last, the baby. 

One day Tyner was away from home. The In- 
dians came and attacked his wife and children. As 
there was no one to help them, the Indians soon killed 
the mother. They dashed the baby's head against 
a tree, and scattered its brains in the yard. They 
scalped the next little fellow and left him for dead. 

While all this was going on, Noah slipped away 
90 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 91 

and hid himself in a hollow tree. The Indians did 
not find him. For many years people called this 
tree, ''Noah's Ark.'' 

The Indians carried Mary and Tamar away alive. 
They kept these girls with them till they grew to be 
women. They made Mary and Tamar work for 
them. The two girls had to bring wood and water 
for the Indians. They hoed the corn, dressed the 
buckskins, and cooked for the red men. 

After a long time, a man who went among the 
Indians to trade, saw Mary and Tamar. He easily 
bought Mary from them. He tried to buy Tamar, 
too, but they would not sell her. So then he took 
Mary and carried her back home to her people. 

And so Tamar was now left alone among the In- 
dians. They soon began to think that she was mak- 
ing plans to get away from them, so they thought 
they would tie her to a stake, and bum her alive. 

There was one old Indian woman who loved 
Tamar. She found out that the other Indians meant 
to bum the white woman. The old squaw did not 
want Tamar to be burned, so one night after all 
were asleep, she awoke Tamar. She quietly led 
her down to the river and gave her a canoe. Food 
had already been put in the little boat. The old 



92 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Indian squaw told Tamar how to go down the 
Chattahoochee River, and then said, "Good-by. 
Now go." 

Tamar did not wait, but swiftly paddled away. 
Down the river she went, till day came. Then she 
hid herself and her canoe in the thick bushes at the 
edge of the water. Then, when night came, she 
again paddled down the river. This she kept up, 
day after day, and night after night. 

As she paddled down the river, she could hear 
owls hoot and bears howl. Often she heard huge 
alligators bellow by the water's edge. Sometimes 
she heard the far-away shouts of Indians in the 
woods. All this only made her go the faster. On, 
on, she would paddle, till she could see the light of 
day. Then she would hide herself till night. Then, 
on again. 

In this way, she at last reached Appalachicola Bay. 
There she was taken on board a ship, and carried to 
Savannah. Then she soon reached her home again. 
Her life with the Indians was over. 



A DARING SCOUT 

David Adams was a soldier in the Revolution. 
He was also a bold fighter in the war with the Creek 
Indians. He was a leader and a scout. A scout is 
a man who is sent to learn secretly all about the army 
of the enemy. Adams was a good scout. In time, 
he became a general. 

The Creeks would cross the Chattahoochee River 
into the white men's country. One dark night, they 
crossed the river and crept upon the white settle- 
ments, while the people slept. They killed numbers 
of the people, burned their houses, and drove off a 
great many of their horses and cows. They then 
went back across the river to one of their own villages. 
Here their friends and their wives and children were 
waiting for them. 

Adams soon got together a few hundred men, and 
followed the Indians. These men had never fought 
in a battle. Besides, there were not nearly so many 
of them as there were of the Indians, so Adams 
thought it would not be best to fight an open battle. 

93 



94 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

He thought that it would be better to wait till he could 
surprise them, so he did not lead his men near the 
Indians till they had crossed the river. 

It was almost night when the Indians reached their 
village. The other Indians shouted and whooped 
with joy. They were glad to see their friends come 
home with so much plunder and so many horses 
and cows. They liked best of all to see the warriors 
with the scalps of the white men hung at their belts. 

The sun soon went down. The Indians built big 
fires. Then they gathered around the bright lights, 
and began to dance and howl and yell. The braves 
would tell of their great deeds in fighting the white 
men. The women and children sang, the dogs 
barked, and the woods echoed the noise, again and 
again. 

While all this was going on, Adams and his men 
came to the river. They could look across the water 
and see the Indians as they danced and whooped. 
The white men waited till the Indians should be 
weary of the dance. 

The warriors kept up their dance till late in the 
night. But at last the fires went out and the Indians 
lay down to sleep. Then, after a time, all was still 
and quiet. 



MAKERS OF CEO ROTA'S NAME AND FAME 95 

Now was the time to strike a blow at the red men. 
But Adams and his men did not know a way across 
the river. Some one would have to find a way. 
Adams did not sendsome one else. He went him- 
self. He followed a trail into the river. But when 
he got into the cold, black water, he could hardly 
tell which way he ought to go. In some places, the 
water was only knee-deep, but in others, it was up to 
his chin. The bottom was very slippery. He could 
hardly stand in the water. But he went on and at last 
got across. 

He found so many paths, he did not know which to 
take. He took one that led him below the village. 
But he turned and came back when he found that he 
had gone wrong. 

He soon found himself on the edge of the village. 
He stopped to Hsten. You may be sure he made no 
more noise than he could help. He knew the Indians 
would kill him if they found him. He could not hear 
an Indian move. So he thought they were all asleep. 
Then he crept into the village. The red men were 
lying everywhere, asleep. They had their guns and 
tomahawks near, so they could reach them quickly. 

Adams went all through the village. He looked 
over it well to see where would be the best place to 



96 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

attack it. As he was creeping along, one big Indian 
moved himself. Adams quickly lay down. The 
Indian raised himself on his elbow, took his gun in his 
hand, and looked all about. He did not see Adams 
and soon he was asleep again. Then Adams went on. 

When Adams started back to the river, he saw a 
pony. He thought he would take the pony and cross 
the river on it. But when he went up to the pony, he 
frightened it. It broke its rope and ran off. It had 
a bell on its neck that rattled and made a loud 
noise. This woke the braves, the women, the chil- 
dren, and the dogs. They all sprang up, and the 
woods were quickly filled with their yells, whoops, 
and barks. 

Adams started to run, but he was caught in the 
briers and vines and lost his way. So he stopped still 
and waited. The Indians did not find him. At last 
all was quiet once more. Then he went to the river 
and crossed again to his men. 

He told them what had happened. Then he led 
them across the river. They went quietly up to the 
village, The fighting began, but it did not last long. 
Hardly an Indian was left alive except the women and 
children. Thus they were punished for killing and 
plundering the white people. 



THE MAN WHO MADE A STEAMBOAT 

Soon after the Revolution, there lived in Augusta 
a man whose name was William Longstreet. He was 
a quiet, shy man, but he loved fun, and liked to have 
a good laugh. 

Some of his friends thought his mind could not be 
quite right, he had such strange ideas. He was 
always thinking and talking of a thing that could 
never be done. This queer man thought that a boat 
could be built to run by steam. His friends said that 
such a boat could never be made, 

Longstreet even began to try to make such a boat. 
He did not have enough money to buy the iron and 
steel that was needed to make it. His rich friends, 
instead of letting him have money, laughed at him. 
But Longstreet did not give up. 

At last he made a toy boat to run by steam. He 
showed this to his friends. He made it run for them. 
It would move on the water just as he had said it 
would. His friends still did not believe a big, heavy 
boat could be made to run by steam. They said a 

97 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 



99 



light toy might be run with it, but not a large, heavy 
boat. 

But Longstreet's mind was made up to show that 
steam would move a large boat too. People kept 
laughing at him, but it only made him work the 
harder to show them that he was not foolish. He 
knew he could build a steamboat, and, sure enough, 
in 1806 he finished his boat. It was large enough to 
carry about twenty people. 

He had his boat on the Savannah River. He was 
going to try it to see if it would go. He asked his 
friends to ride on it with him. But most of them 
were afraid of it, and only a few would go on it. 

At last they were ready to start. Longstreet had 
charge of the steam himself. He turned the boat 
down stream and it moved off. Some of those on 
shore were sure it would blow up. So they got into 
row-boats and went after them. They meant to pick 
up all those left alive when the steamboat should 
blow up. But this did not happen. Longstreet 's boat 
went on down the river. One old farmer saw it 
and thought it was a floating blacksmith shop. 
When Longstreet had gone down the river some dis- 
tance, he then turned his boat and went back to 
Augusta. 



loo MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

People no longer thought his mind was wrong. 
They now knew he was a very wise man. Long- 
street did not try to make money on his boat. He 
was satisfied that he had shown people that he was 
not foolish. He ran this boat a whole year before 
Robert Fulton ran the Clermont on the Hudson 
River. 

Twelve years later, some men in Savannah had a 
large ocean steamship built. They named it the 
Savannah. This steamboat went from Savannah 
to Liverpool in England. Then it went to St. Peters- 
burg in Russia. It came back to Savannah in fifty 
days after it had left. It was the first steamship to 
cross the ocean. 



THE BOY WHO HID UNDER THE BED 

Colonel John Dooly was still another brave soldier 
in the Revolution. He lived and fought in Georgia. 
He was hated by the Tories. 

Once he left the army and went home to see his 
wife, his boys, and girls. No doubt they were all 
glad to see him. Colonel Dooly had a little son, 
whose name also was John. 

While Colonel Dooly was on this visit home, the 
Tories came one night. They broke into the house 
before Dooly had a chance to bar the door. They 
dragged him out of his bed. They tried to make him 
swear that he would fight for King George. Dooly 
would not do this, so they killed him. 

The mother and children got away as best they 
could. Little John hid under a bed. He was too 
small to fight for his father's Hfe. When the Tories 
had left, he cam^ out. He was sad for a long 
time. 

When this boy, John, grew up, he was a lawyer and 
a judge. He was a very funny man. He was nearly 



I02 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

always saying or doing something that made people 
laugh. 

There was a Judge Tait who had a wooden 
leg. He became angry because of something Dooly 
had said. He sent Dooly a challenge to fight a 
duel. 

It was likely that Dooly had not meant any harm 
by what he had said. At any rate, he did not want to 
try to kill Tait in a duel. He did not wish to give Tait 
the chance to kill him. 

So he thought he would try to end the matter with 
a joke. He sent Tait word that he himself did not 
have a wooden leg as Tait had. He said he would 
fight a duel if Tait would agree for Dooly to stand 
with one of his legs in a bee -gum. This would make 
their chances for getting hurt equal. 

This offer made Judge Tait more angry than ever. 
He wrote to Dooly. In the letter he said that Dooly 
was a coward not to fight. He said he meant to 
publish Dooly in the newspapers as a coward. Dooly 
wrote to Tait that he did not care for being published 
in the newspapers, if it were done at Tait's expense. 
Dooly said he had rather fill a dozen newspapers than 
to fill one coffin. 

This was a funny way to speak of a duel. Judge 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 



'o 



Tait laughed and forgot his anger. The whole state 
laughed, and this ended the duel. 

Judge Dooly had his faults, but he was a good 
man, too. Once he was in Savannah. A poor 
woman asked him to give her a little money. She 
was hungry and wanted to buy food. For some 
reason, Dooly did not give it to her. After she had 
gone, he thought of how poor the old woman looked. 
He thought of his not giving her the money she had 
asked. He felt very bad about it. He could not 
forget the old woman. He could not forget that he 
had refused her. The more he thought of her, the 
more he grieved. 

Then he made up his mind never again to refuse to 
give when asked. After that he always gave to who- 
ever asked of him. He decided to err on the safe 
side. He was willing to give sometimes where there 
was no need rather than not to give where there was 
need. 

Dooly County is named in honor of Judge Dooly's 
father. 



THE THREE TATTNALLS 

When Georgia was a colony of England, there was 
a Josiah Tattnall who lived at Savannah. He had a 
beautiful home. The dwelling house was rich and 
grand. The grounds were laid out and set with 
shade trees. Bright and beautiful flowers grew in 
beds, and along the walks. The name of this home 
was Bonaventure. Tattnall loved it very much. 

When the Revolution began, Tattnall hardly knew 

what to do. He loved Georgia and did not wish to 

give up the beautiful Bonaventure. The Georgia 

people offered him the command of their soldiers in 

the war. But he thought that he ought not to fight 

against King George. He loved Georgia so much 

that he could not fight against it. At last he made 

lip his mind to go away from Georgia. In this way, 

he would be forced to fight neither against King 

George nor against Georgia. As he sailed away, he 

looked back at his dear home. Tears fell from his 

eyes, and he said, ''Bonaventure, fare thee well." 

Tattnall went to England. 
104 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 105 

With Tattnall, went his son, who was about twelve 
years old. This son also was named Josiah. He was 
put at school in England. He stayed in this school 
a little more than a year. He was always wanting to 
come back to Georgia, so his father put him under 
the care of an uncle. This uncle feared that young 
Josiah would leave England, and try to come back 
to Georgia, so he placed him on a man-of-war to 
learn to be a sailor. Thus it was hoped that the 
boy would forget Georgia, and not try to come 
back. 

Then the man-of-war set sail for far-away India. 
But it happened that nearly all the sailors on this 
vessel were Americans. Young Tattnall heard them 
talk about America. He heard them tell about how 
the colonies from Massachusetts to Georgia were 
fighting to be free. This made him more eager than 
ever to come home to Georgia. He made up his 
mind to return at the first chance. 

One day a man on the vessel said that the American 
people were doing very wrong to fight against King 
George. He said that they ought not to be free from 
England. He said hard things about the Americans. 
Young Tattnall heard the man, and disputed with 
him. Then they had a quarrel and became very 



io6 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

angry. At last they drew their swords and fought. 
Josiah wounded the man, but did not get hurt himself. 

After a time young Tattnall found a vessel about 
to sail for America. He went on board. After a 
long voyage, he landed near Savannah. He went on 
foot to Ebenezer. There he found General Wayne's 
army, which he joined. The war was nearly over. 
It was too late to help fight the British, but he was 
glad to be at home in Georgia again. 

Later he fought against the Indians. Then he 
was made a general. The state had taken Bona- 
venture as public property. Young Josiah Tattnall 
fought the Indians so well that Bonaventure was 
given to him. He was glad to live in the old home 
once more. Then he was made Governor of 
Georgia. While he was Governor, his father came 
to live in Georgia again. Young Josiah Tattnall 
was also made a United States Senator. 

Governor Tattnall had a son, and his name was 
Josiah. He was the third Josiah Tattnall. This 
Josiah Tattnall entered the United States navy. 
He became a captain after a short time. Once he 
was in the harbor of Cantcn in China, on his vessel. 
England and France had had trouble with China. 
They had sent some officers to China to see about the 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

matter. The vessels on which they came were not 
allowed to come near the shore. The Chinese kept 
them waiting. The French and English officers grew 
tired of this. At last they said they would go on the 
shore anyway. They started. Then the Chinese 
fired on them with cannon. They aimed so well that 
some of their ships were sunk. Many of the French 
and English were killed and wounded. 

Captain Tattnall saw great numbers of them in the 
water. He saw that they would be drowned. It was 
against the law of Nations for him to help them. 
But he said, ^^ Blood is thicker than water." Then 
he went and helped the French and English who 
were in the water. He saved all of them he could. 
He could not bear to see people of his own blood and 
kin killed vdthout helping them. 

He became a commodore. He fought in the War 
of 1 812. In the Mexican War, he commanded a 
fleet that was called the ^'Mosquito Division.'' It 
was made up of small, light vessels. They could sail 
very fast and get from one place to another quickly. 
This fleet was always making attacks on the Mexicans 
where they least looked for it. That is why it was 
called the ''Mosquito Division." He fought so weU 
that the Georgia Legislature gave him a fine sword. 



io8 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

He was an officer in the United States navy when 
the Civil War began. He did not want to fight against 
the United States. He could not bear to fight against 
Georgia. It was almost the same as it had been with 
his grandfather in the Revolution. But Commodore 
Tattnall made up his mind, and fought with Georgia 
in the Confederacy. Then the United States took 
his property. 

The Tattnalls have done a great deal for Georgia. 
We have a large, rich county named Tattnall. 



ANOTHER GEORGIA KING 

For hundreds of years, people clothed themselves 
mostly with cloth made of wool and linen. Linen is 
made from the bark of the flax plant. It makes a 
good strong cloth. 

Nowadays most people wear cotton clothes. That 
is because cotton cloth is cheap and wears well. 
The Egyptians made a little cotton three thousand, 
years ago. So did the people of India. The white 
people who first visited Mexico and South America 
found people there wearing cotton clothes. But it is 
only for a little more than one hundred years that the 
white people of America have used cotton much for 
clothes. 

Philip Nutter lived at Chelsea in England. The 
next year after Savannah was settled, Nutter sent 
some cotton seeds to Georgia. They were planted, 
and the cotton grew well. 

Later General Oglethorpe made a settlement on 

St. Simon's Island. He took a good many of his 

soldiers there. He gave each of them a small plot of 

109 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

land to plant. They planted some cotton. It grew 
well. When it was ready, they gathered it from the 
burrs. 

The soldiers' wives picked the lint from the seed 
with their fingers. They spun the cotton into thread 
on their spinning wheels. The thread was dyed by 
them, and then knit into stockings. This was the 
first cotton made into clothes in Georgia. 

Other people began to plant cotton in Georgia. 
The Salzburgers were growing it five years after 
Georgia was first settled. The Salzburgers were 
Germans who settled at Ebenezer. About fifty years 
later, Thomas Jefferson said that almost all the 
people in Georgia wore cotton clothes. Mr. Leake of 
Savannah is said to have been the first man in our 
state to raise cotton to ship to other countries. Most 
people used all they raised at home. 

When Josiah Tattnall was Governor, some sea- 
island cotton seeds were sent to him. He and some 
other men planted them and the cotton did well. 
The lint of this cotton is very long and fine, almost 
like silk. Now, thousands of bales of this cotton are 
grown in the southeastern part of our state every 
year. It is made into very fine cloth. 

For many years, people picked the cotton from the 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

seed with their fingers. A man could pick the seed 
from about one pound of the lint in a day. They did 
this till Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. The 
women spun it into thread on their spinning wheels. 
Sometimes they wove the thread into cloth on hand 
looms. Sometimes they knit it into socks and stock- 
ings with their fingers. These were very hard, tire- 
some tasks. 

At last, in 1809, a small cotton factory was built at 
Louisville in Jefferson County. Two years later, a 
larger factory was built at Bolton in Wilkes County. 
Then others were built. But most of the factories 
were built in the North. The Georgia people were 
too busy growing cotton to build many factories. 

After Whitney invented the gin, people began to 
grow a great deal of cotton. They planted more of 
it than anything else. It made Georgia very riche 
It soon came to be called ''King Cotton, '^ 




ELI WHITNEY 



THE MAN WHO MADE THE COTTON GIN 

Eli Whitney did not live in Georgia when he was 
a boy. He lived in Massachusetts. But when he 
became a man, he lived for a time in our state. It 
was in Georgia that he made one of the greatest of 
all inventions. 

Eli's father was a farmer. Eli worked on a farm. 
His father had a shop in which were a great many 
tools. In the shop, Eli's father made a number of 
things that were needed about the house and farm. 

Eli liked to watch his father and older brother 
work in the shop. He soon learned to use the tools 
himself. He made some things to play with. It was 
not long before he liked the shop better than the field. 

Eli used to wonder a great deal about his father's 
watch. He wanted to know what made it go. One 
Sunday his father went to church. He left his watch 
at home. Little Eli was alone. He thought, ''Now 
is my time to find out all about that watch." So he 
got the queer thing down. He then opened the lid. 
He could not see as much of the works as he wanted 



114 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

to see, so he kept .on till he took it all apart. What 
do you think he would have done if his father had 
stepped into the room just then ? But his father was 
still at church, for sermons were long in those times. 

When Eli had looked at the wheels and springs as 
much as he wished, he put the watch all back to- 
gether. He feared it would not run as well as it 
had before. He watched his father when he looked 
at his watch after he came from church. But it ran 
as well as before. His father never knew that his 
watch had been taken to pieces till Eli told him years 
later. Perhaps you had better not take your father's 
watch apart. You might not be able to put it 
together at all. 

Eh's own mother was dead. His stepmother had 
a beautiful set of dinner knives. She was very proud 
of them. One day she was showing them to Eli and 
his sister. She said they were very fine knives and 
that they had been made in England. She said 
such knives could not be made in America. 

Eli thought he could make some like them, and he 
told her so. She had no idea that he could make 
such knives. After a time, one of the knives was 
broken in some way. Eli took the pieces for a pat- 
tern. He went to the shop and began to work. He 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 115 

soon made a knife so much like the others that it 
could not be told from them. 

Young Whitney went to school when he could. 
But he was most happy when he was at work in the 
shop. At that time, it was hard to got nails. Eli 
made nails for his father. He made them so well that 
he soon found he could sell all he could make. Later, 
he turned his nail shop into a factory for making 
walking sticks and hat pins. He sold all he made. 
He was very careful with his work. He used often 
to say, "Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing 
well." He was a busy boy. 

When he was nineteen years old, he thought he 
would go to Yale College. His father was not able 
to pay Eli's way in college. Eli had no money, but 
he had made up his mind to go; so he went to work 
getting ready. He must earn money to pay his way, 
and he must also learn more before he could enter a 
college. He worked on the farm and in the shop. 
He taught school. He did any task that would help 
get more money to pay his way in college. Wlien- 
ever he found the least little bit of time, he would 
study his books. 

It took him four years to get ready. But at last, 
when he was twenty-three, he went to Yale. He 



ii6 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

studied hard, and soon found he would have a little 
time to work. So he borrowed tools from a carpen- 
ter. At first the carpenter was afraid to lend his 
tools to a young college student. He thought Eli 
would not know what to do with them. But he 
watched Eli at work. Then he said a fine mechanic 
had been spoiled by Eli's going to college. 

He spent four years in Yale. He then wished to 
study law, so he came to Georgia to teach for more 
money that he might learn to be a lawyer. 

In Georgia, he stayed for a time at the home of 
Mrs. Nathaniel Greene. She was the widow of 
General Greene. Mrs. Greene asked him to try to 
make a machine to separate the seed from the cotton. 
He set to work. He had a hard task to get tools and 
the right sort of material. But he made a machine 
that would do the work. It was called a gin. Eli 
Whitney got very little profit from making the gin, 
but he grew rich in after years from other inventions. 



GOVERNOR EARLY 

In 1 812, the United States was again at war with 
England. It was called the War of 181 2. Peter 
Early was the Governor of Georgia. 

The United States needed more money to carry on 
the war. An officer of the United States Government 
asked Governor Early for a large sum of money from 
the state. The officer told Governor Early that the 
United States would be sure to pay the money back 
to Georgia. Early wanted to help in the war against 
England all he could. So he lent the money to the 
Government. 

Afterwards some one told Early that the United 
States might be broken to pieces in the war, and then 
Georgia would lose the money. Governor Early 
listened, and then said that he hoped that the United 
States Government would never be broken up. He 
said if it should be, he had no wish that Georgia 
should fare better than the other states. He did not 
mean that he did not love Georgia. He meant that 
he loved the whole United States. 

117 



ii8 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

In this war, many of the Creek Indians fought for 
the English. Governor Early sent an army against 
these Indians. General John Floyd was in command 
of this army. He fought a battle with the Indians 
at Autossee and Tallassee. The chiefs of both these 
towns were killed. 

A pipe that belonged to the chief of Tallassee was 
taken. It was a peace pipe. It was made of clay 
and had a long stem made from a cane. It had been 
smoked in making a treaty with the white people 
forty years before. One of the soldiers found the 
pipe. He brought it to General Floyd, who sent it 
to Governor Early. The Governor hung the old 
Indian pipe on the wall of his office. It hung there 
for many years. 

Early County was named for Governor Early. 



GENERAL JOHN FLOYD 

The father of General Floyd was a soldier in the 
Revolution. He thought the colonies ought to be 
free. In the army, he wore on his hat a plate of 
silver in the shape of a new moon. On it were the 
words, "Liberty or Death." 

This brave man lost all his property. He was 
then very poor. So he bound John to a carpenter 
for five years. John was to work with the carpenter 
and help him build houses. In this way, John was 
to learn to build houses himself. John learned so fast 
and pleased the carpenter so well that the carpenter 
wanted to free him at the end of four years. But 
John thought he ought to stay the full five years. 
So he worked on with the carpenter till the end of the 
time. He had grow^n now to be a man. 

Then John Floyd made a home for himsolf in 
Camden County. At that time, there were no rail- 
roads. Boats and wagons were used to carry goods 
and travelers. There were not enough boats on the 

rivers, so Floyd thought he would build more boats. 

119 



I20 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

He got plans for boat building from Charleston. He 
bought tools to work with. He then hired men to cut 
timber. Of this timber, he built boats. They were 
good ones. He made money from his boats and thus 
became a rich man. 

He was a great Indian fighter. In the battle with 
the Indians at Autossee, he was shot in the knee. 
He would not leave the battle. He feared if he left his 
men that the battle would be lost. 

A rich county bears the name of Floyd in honor of 
this General Floyd. 



^'WE MUST NOT GIVE UP THE GUN" 

The Indians fought bravely in the battle of Autos- 
see. For a time, the soldiers of General Floyd were 
hard pressed. It seemed that they would have to 
fall back before the Indians. 

Ezekiel Attaway was one of General Floyd's sol- 
diers. Ezekiel and twelve other men were loading 
and firing a cannon in the battle. They fought 
away bravely, and loaded and fired their cannon as 
fast as they could. But by and by some of the men 
were shot dowTi. The Indian bullets were flying 
thick. At last all the men were killed except 
Ezekiel and two others. It began to look as though 
the Indians were going to take the gun. They had 
now come very near to it. They wanted to get it and 
fight the white soldiers with it. 

But just then, Ezekiel seized a big hand stick. He 
was going to fight the Indians with it. He said to the 
other two men that he would fight the Indians with 
the stick as long as he could stand. ''We must not 
give up the gun," he said. ''Seize anything you can 

121 



122 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

lay your hands upon and stay by your post until the 
last." They did as he said. On came the Indians. 
Then the three men knocked them right and left with 
their heavy sticks. At last the fierce red men were 
driven back, and the battle had been won by Ezekiel 
Attaway and General Floyd's other brave soldiers. 



HOPE HULL 

Hope Hull was a minister who preached in the 
eastern part of Georgia. He settled at Athens. He 
helped to found the State University. He took great 
interest in education. He was a good man. His 
sermons were so grand and noble that he was called 
^'Broadaxe." A broadaxe has a wide, sharp blade. 
It is used for hewing large, heavy timber. 

In the War of 1812, some soldiers were one night 
sitting around their camp fire. They were talking 
of their folks at home. The times were very hard. 
People could not always have enough to eat and wear. 
Some of these soldiers said they feared that their wives 
and children might not have enough food and clothes. 

Then a soldier from Georgia said that he was not 
uneasy about his folks. ''I know my children will 
not suffer for bread while Mr. Hope Hull lives," 
he said. 

He knew this because Hull was in the habit of 

taking care of the soldiers' families. Every week he 

would load his wagon, and then drive over the settle- 

123 



124 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

ment. He would stop at the house of every soldier. 
There he would leave meat, meal, flour, or whatever 
other food might be needed. Hull was not in the 
army, but he was helping in the war. Do you not 
think that he was a good man ? 

The soldiers from his neighborhood knew that their 
families would not want for anything, so they could 
stay in the army and fight the better and braver. 



COLONEL DANIEL APPLING 

Daniel Appling was born in Columbia County. 
He went to school and studied Latin and Greek as 
well as other things. When he was eighteen years 
old, he went into the United States army. He was 
so good a soldier that he was soon made a captain. 

When the War of 1812 began, he was sent to the 
State of New York to fight the British. In that state, 
he was once sent to carry some cannon to another 
place. He was carrying them on boats up a large 
creek. He did not have many men to help him. 

A large party of British wanted to take the cannon 
away from Appling. They were following him in 
their boats. The British had about twice as many 
men as Appling had. They were coming close be- 
hind him. They were even gaining on him. They 
were sure that they would soon capture Appling, his 
guns, and all his men. 

Appling found out that the British were gaining on 
him, but he did not mean to be taken. And so, 
before the British could come in sight of him, he 

125 



126 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

landed his own boats among the trees and thick 
bushes. He had his men liide themselves on the 
land. He told them not to fire till the British came 
very close. Then they all kept still, very still. 

After a little time, the British came in sight. They 
were very gay, and they were laughing at how they 
were going to take the Americans prisoners. They 
did not know that the Americans were hidden and 
watching them at that very moment. 

Then all at once. Boom! boom! boom! the 
Americans' guns rang out. And Zip! zip! zip! 
sang the bullets. Red-coated British soldiers fell 
right and left. Hardly any were left alive. Those 
who were not killed tried to get away, but the 
Americans got in their own boats, and soon took all 
the rest of them prisoners. They also took the 
British boats. 

Soon after this, Appling was made a lieutenant - 
colonel. He fought well in several other battles, and 
it was not long before he was put in command of 
a regiment. This is a part of an army made up of 
about a thousand men. 

Appling was a modest man. When he came home 
to Georgia, he was praised a great deal. He did not 
like this. He thought that he had only done what he 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 127 

ought to do. But the Georgia people were very 
proud of him. The legislature voted him a fine sword, 
but he died before it reached him. Then the sword 
was sent to Governor Early. He hung it in his office 
with the Indian peace pipe. 

The county seat of Columbia County is called 
Appling. There is also a large, rich county named 
in his honor. 



THREE BRAVE SENTINELS 

The University of Georgia is at Athens. Buildings 
for it were first put up over a hundred years ago. 
For a long time, Indians lived in the woods not far 
from it. Sometimes they would kill and rob the 
people near Athens. 

Once the Indians had been doing the white people 
a great deal of harm. Some one said that the Indians 
were on the way to Athens. Then all the people in 
the town and the country round about went to the 
University. They shut themselves up in one of the 
buildings. They made a fort of it. The men and 
boys got all the rifles and shotguns they could. One 
of the professors took command. They worked hard 
to get ready for a battle with the Indians. 

The professor posted sentinels to watch. These 
sentinels were to fire their guns if they saw any In- 
dians. Then they were all to run back to the fort, 
where they woukl close all the doors and fight the 
Indians. They meant to shoot the red men from 
the windows. 

The sentinels watched two hours at a time. Then 
128 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 129 

they went back to the college, and others watched. 
In this way, they took turns resting. But as the 
Indians would not come on, the men and boys all 
soon grew very tired and sleepy. 

Augustus Hull was one of the boys. He and two 
other boys were put to watch for the Indians just be- 





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OLD COLLEGE, STATE UNINERSITY (Oldest CoUege on the Campus) 

fore day came. They were placed near a coal-kiln 
that had a fire burning it. The boys were very 
sleepy. They stood in their places for awhile. No 
Indians came. They thought they would sit by the 
fire and talk a little while. Still no Indians came. 
Soon they nodded. 



130 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA S NAME AND FAME 



The next they knew, one of the men was waking 
them. It was day. ''You might as well go back to 
the college," he said. ''There is no danger from 
the Indians. I think they are afraid to attack such 
brave soldiers as you are." 




LIBRARY, STAi'E UNIVERSITY 



Then the boys knew that they had been fast asleep. 
They were ashamed that they had slept when they 
should have watched. But when they got back to 
the University, they found that nearly every one else 
had been asleep, too. And that is hew the Indian 
attack on the University ended. 



HOW THE BRITISH BURNED CLARKE'S 

MILL. 

In Charlton County there is a stream called 
Spanish Creek. It flows into the St. Mary's River. 
On this creek, about a mile from the river, there is an 
old dam. On the banks, among the bushes, may be 
seen some huge old mill stones. They are now black 
with moss and age. 

At this place once stood Major Clarke's mill. It 
was a large one. People came there from miles 
around to have there corn and wheat ground. 

In the War of 1812, some of the British landed on 
the Geogia coast. They camped not far from the 
mouth of the St. Mary's River. They soon came to 
hate Major Clarke very much. 

At last they thought they would burn his mill. 
So they loaded twenty-three barges with soldiers. 
These were sent up the St. Mary's River. They were 
to go up the river until they were near the mill. 
Then they were to go across the woods and burn the 
mill. 

131 



132 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Captain William Con€ had command of twenty- 
eight Georgians. He heard that the British were 
coming up the river. 

So he took his men and went to see if he could not 
stop them. The St. Mary's is very crooked, and 
palmetto covers its banks. Captain Cone hid his 
men in the palmetto. They lay very still and waited. 

At last the British barges came in sight. They 
were covered with red-coated British soldiers. They 
had cannon on the barges. 

Captain Cone and his men fired on them with their 
rifles. Redcoats fell right and left. Some rolled 
into the river. The British fired their cannon, but 
they did the Georgians no harm. Then Captain 
Cone and his men ran up the river to the next bend. 
There they waited till the British came in sight again 
around the bend below them. Then they fired again. 
The Georgians kept this up till they had killed one 
hundred and eighty of the British. As many more 
were wounded. Then the British turned and went 
back down the river to their camp. 

It was thought that the mill would be now safe, 
but a negro was put to watch it. He was to run and 
tell if he saw an army coming. There were not 
enough white men to spare one to watch the mill. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 133 

The British seemed to think that a few men could 
burn the mill easier than a large number. So three 
British soldiers slipped to the mill and burned it. 

The negro was afterward asked, ''Who burned the 
mill?" 

''I dunno," he replied. 

''Well, whom did you see?" he was asked. 

"I jes see three men what had on red coats. Dey 
come up dar an ax me to le' 'em look roun' de mill a 
HT bit. Den atter dey lef, de mill jus' took fire." 

Nothing more was seen of the three men who wore 
the red coats. But it is certain the mill was burned, 
and has never been built again. 




WILLIAM HARRIS CRAWFORD 



THE MAN TO WHOM NAPOLEON BOWED 

William H. Crawford was one of the greatest 
lawyers of Georgia. He was tall and strong, and his 
step was firm and springy. He was a grand, fine 
looking man. 

President James Madison named Crawford as 
minister to France. A United States ship was made 
ready to carry Crawford to that country. The 
President gave the captain of the ship orders to take 
Crawford safely to France. 

When all was ready they set sail. The ship was 
hardly at sea, when it was fired on by a British vessel. 
Crawford heard the guns booming. He came on 
deck as soon as the firing began. He wanted to see 
the battle. He hoped the captain would let him take 
part in it, too. 

But the captain told him he must go to his cabin. 
The captain feared Crawford would be hurt, and 
thus he would not be obeying the President's orders. 
Crawford went to his cabin as he was told. But the 

firing kept up, and soon Crawford came on deck 

135 



again, A second time the captain told him to go 
to his cabin. Again he went. But the battle had 
grown lively, and it was not long before Crawford 
was on deck a third time. He shouted to the cap- 
tain, ^'Give them a broadside! Give them a broad- 
side!" He wanted the captain to fire at the British 
more times and faster. But the captain was think- 
ing of the President's orders, so he told Crawford 
if he did not go to his cabin and stay there, he 
would lock him in. This kept Crawford off the 
deck. 

When Crawford reached Paris, he was much ad- 
mired for his fine form and noble bearing. As he 
walked the streets, everybody wondered if he were 
some grand duke or prince. 

Napoleon Bonaparte was then the ruler of France. 
He was a great man himself, and he was not in the 
habit of showing much respect for other men. But 
when he first met Crawford, he was so struck with 
Crawford's grand looks, that he bowed to him twice 
before he knew he was doing so. Napoleon after- 
ward said that Crawford was the only man he ever 
saw to whom he felt that he must bow. 

Crawford served the United States well as minister 
to France. He was afterwards a candidate for 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA S NA¥E AND FAME 1.37 

president of our country. It is said he would have 
been elected if he had not become very sick. 

He was one of Georgia's noblest men. A county 
is named for him. 



TWO MACON MEN 

The Government had to build forts to keep the 
Indians away. One of the largest of these was Fort 
Hawkins. It was on the Ocmulgee Rivero A settle- 
ment grew up about this fort^ Then the name of the 
place was changed to Macon. 

Macon is now a beautiful city. It has many fine 
buildings. Its streets are wide and clean. There 
are many shade trees. Some of the streets have the 
names of trees. Thus there is Elm Street, another is 
Oak Street, and so on. 

When Macon was first settled, a man lived there 
whose name was Simri RosCo He loved trees and 
vines and flowers. He liked to learn as much as he 
could about all kinds of plants. He was also an 
editor. He printed a newspaper in Macon. 

He thought the new city should have plenty of 

shade. So he would tell the town officers that trees 

ought to be planted on the streets. In his paper, he 

would urge the people to plant trees for shade. He 

set out a great many elms and water oaks with his 
138 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME i39 

own hand, and thus nearly all the streets came to be 
shaded by fine trees. Now, on summer days, the 
children can have a nice shade whenever they play. 
They should not forget their debts to Simri Rose. 

General Lafayette was a noble Frenchman. He 
helped the Americans fight the British in the Revolu- 
tion. Long afterward, he made a visit to Georgia. 
He w^ent to Savannah and Milledgeville. He also 
visited Macon. 

When he came to Macon, a loud signal gun told 
the people when he was near. Then they went to 
meet him. They took him to his hotel. There the 
ladies and gentlemen went to shake hands with the 
great noblemen. He made a speech in which he 
thanked the people for their kindness to him. 

There was one very learned man who went to meet 
Lafayette. His name was Edward Dorr Tracy. 
Tracy knew Latin, French, Spanish, and Italian. 

He talked to Lafayette in French and Spanish. 
Lafayette was surprised to find so learned a man in 
so small a city. He told Tracy he was surprised. 
But Tracy knew still more. He laughed and spoke 
to Lafayette in Indian. Then Lafayette said, ''You 
are the first white American I have met who could 
speak the true red Indian." He meant that Tracy 



140 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

was the first white man he had met who could speak 
any Indian language. 

Lafayette could not stay long. He soon left to 
visit other states. When he left Macon the people 
went part of the way with him. The National 
salute was fired, and the great man was gone. 

There is a large cemetery at Macon. It is on a 
large, high hill. It is called Rose Hill cemetery. 
Can you guess why? 



MILLY 

Duncan McKrimmon lived at Milledgeville. He 
went to help fight the Indians in the Seminole War. 
One day he and some friends went fishing. Indians 
crept upon them, and made McKrimmon a prisoner. 
They took him away to their prophet, whose name was 
Francis. 

Francis had been made a general in the British 
army. He wore the bright red uniform of the 
British soldier, and he was very proud and boastful. 
He was glad to have this white prisoner from Georgia. 
He had been taught to hate the Georgia people. 

The Indians held McKrimmon prisoner for weeks 
and weeks. At last one day they shaved his head. 
They took most of his clothes off, and tied him to 
a stake. Then the Indians danced about him for 
several hours. As they danced they howled and 
yelled horribly. • They meant to burn him. 

Milly was the Prophet's daughter. She was about 

fifteen years old. She now sat apart from the other 

Indians. She was sad and silent. She was sorry 

for the poor man who w^as to be burned. 

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142 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

After a long time, the red men had danced and 
yelled all they wanted to. Then they were ready to 
kill him, so a big Indian with a tomahawk stepped 
up to McKrimmon. He raised the tomahawk high 
above his head. He was just ready to dash out the 
white man's brains. 

But before the tomahawk could fall, Milly ran and 
stood between them. The Indians would not strike 
her. She then told her father if he must have blood, 
to take hers. She said that she did not wish to live 
if the white man were killed. 

The Prophet at last agreed not to kill McKrim- 
mon, but he meant to kill both him and Milly later. 
Milly brought food and drink for McKrimmon, and 
was kind to him as long as he stayed among the 
Indians. 

A few days later, Francis sold McKrimmon to the 
Spaniards at St. Marks in Florida. The Spaniards 
paid for him in rum. The Indians liked rum very 
much. 

McKrimmon at last got back home. Afterwards 
the Georgia soldiers took Milly a prisoner. They 
were kind to her and soon sent her back to her people. 



GOVERNOR TROUP 

George Troup was raised on his father's planta- 
tion. The plantation was called Belleville, and it 
was in Mcintosh County. 

When George was a small boy, his father taught 
him. Then he had another teacher. This teacher 
lived in the house with the Troups, and he had no 
pupils but the Troup children. 

George's father was rich, and George did not have 
to work, but he learned his lessons well. Wlien he 
was tired of study, he would ride his horse or go 
fishing or hunting. He grew to be a large, stout boy. 

When he was older, he was sent away to Flatbush. 
This was a small town on Long Island, which is a 
part of New York State. There was a good school 
in this town. George was sent to this school. At first 
the other boys tried to have fun with him. George 
would not say much, so the boys soon let him alone. 

The men of Flatbush would meet on the streets 
and talk politics. Some of them thought John 

Adams ought to be President of the United States. 

143 



144 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Others said that Thomas Jefferson should be Presi- 
dent. And so these men would say a great deal 
about the government. 

The boys of the town would sometimes listen to 
these talks. Young George Troup would listen by 
the hour. He liked nothing else so well. He wanted 
to take part, but it was not thought polite for young 
boys to talk when grown men were talking. George 
would almost forget himself sometimes. Then he 
would remember that he must be polite. He learned 
a great deal from these talks. He came to believe 
that Thomas Jefferson was the greatest man in the 
world. 

When he was through this school, he came back to 
Savannah. There he studied law. Before he was 
twenty-one years old, the people wanted him to be a 
member of the Legislature. He was very proud of 
such an honor. As it is against the law for anyone 
to be in the Legislature before the age of twenty-one, 
he had to give it up, but a year later he went. He 
was soon one of the leaders in the Legislature. He 
also held many other high offices. 

Troup dressed queerly. He liked to wear a blue 
coat with bright metal buttons on it. He would wear 
a yellow vest. He did not like a hat. He always 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 145 

wore a fur cap. He was straight like an Indian. He 
had blue eyes and curly hair. 

Troup was very brave and honest. Once he 
claimed a piece of land that lay next to his farm. His 
neighbor also claimed it. Both could not have it. 
The neighbor said, ''Let us ask some other man to 
decide to which of us the land belongs." Troup 
said, ''If the land is not mine, I will give it up, but 
I will not compromise." He meant that he did not 
want the land unless it were really his. 

Troup did a great deal for the state. He was one 
of Georgia's best Governors and greatest men. 
Troup County bears his name. 



JESSE MERCER AND HIS UNCLE JOHN 

Jesse Mercer was a good boy, but he liked to hunt 
and fish. He also liked to swim, and he could swim 
well. 

Jesse had an uncle whose name was John Mercer. 
John was seven years younger than Jesse. He could 
not swim. 

One day they went to a lake. Jesse went into the 
water to swim. John did not go in at first, for he was 
afraid that he might be drowned. On the side where 
they came to the lake, the water was very deep. But 
there was a shallow, sandy place on the other side. 

John watched Jesse for a while. Jesse would 
dive into the deep, black water, and then come to the 
top and swim about. He would float and turn somer- 
saults. Altogether, he seemed to be having a good 
time. 

At last John thought that he would like to go 

in the water himself. He wanted to go in on the 

other side, where the water was shallow. Jesse said 

he would carry John across. Then John, too, could 

go in bathing. 
146 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 147 

So Jesse took John on his back to swim across with 
him. He told John to hold to him. He also told 
him not to be afraid, and not to climb up too high on 
his back. John said he would do as he was told. 

Then Jesse began to swim across. The water 
came up on John and he got scared. Besides, the 
water was cold. John thought that he was going to 
freeze or sink — maybe both — so he began to climb 
upon Jesse's back and head. 

Jesse knew that would not do. He knew that both 
of them would be drowned, so he threw John off 
his back. John sank to the bottom like a big rock. 
Jesse swam out of his way, and watched for him to 
come to the top. Great bubbles of air kept coming 
up from the bottom. Jesse watched where the 
bubbles were on top of the water. 

At last John rose to the top. Then Jesse quickly 
caught John by the hair. He swam to the shore 
with him. John was so glad to get out of the water 
alive that he did not care to go in again that day. He 
always said that Jesse had saved his life. No one 
knows whether John ever learned to swim or not. 

Jesse did not have a good chance to get an educa- 
tion while he was a boy, but he read and studied 
at home every chance he had. He was so eaerer to 



148 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

learn that he went to school after he was grown and 
married. 

He became a minister. He also did all that he 
could to help the cause of education in Georgia. 
He did a great deal for Mercer University when it was 
first built. It is from him that the University takes 



d 



A POLITE SOLDIER 

Robert Bridges lived at Augusta. When the 
Mexican War began, he thought that he would go. 
He went to Macon, where he found a great 
many other Georgia soldiers. They were all going 
to fight the Mexicans. Robert soon knew a great 
many of these soldiers. He met one young man 
whose name was William King. Robert and William 
became good friends. 

There were enough of these men to make a regi- 
ment. They went on trains to Mobile in Alabama. 
From there they were carried to Mexico on big ships. 

It was July. The weather was hot. The soldiers 
hunted cool places to sleep. Robert slept on the 
wheel-house of the ship. 

One night the wind blew hard. This made the 
ship roll and toss in the water. Robert slept on. The 
wind blew harder. The ship rolled and tossed more 
and more. Then Robert was rolled off the wheel- 
house and tossed into the waves. 

He woke up very quickly. At first he sank, but 

soon came to the top. He shook the water from his 

149 



I50 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

head and eyes. Then he could see the lights on the 
ship. It was going on and on. He was being left 
behind. He began to swim to keep from drowning. 
He thought a shark might bite his legs off. Where 
was he to swim to? There was no land near, but 
he kept on swimming. He could still see the lights 
on the ship, a long way off. 

At last Robert saw that the ship had stopped. It 
turned around. He was glad. They had missed 
him and were coming back. Before long the ship 
was not far from him. He was almost tired out. 
He saw the men on the ship let the life boats down into 
the water. Then the men in the boats went all about 
to find him. He shouted to them as loud as he 
could. 

Robert's friend, William, was on one of the boats. 
He heard the shout and knew it was Robert. Soon 
Robert was dragged into the boat. How glad he was ! 

Men and boats were all soon taken on the ship 
again. Then Robert went to the captain. He 
bowed very politely, and said, "Captain, I am sorry 
I fell into the water and delayed your ship, but I 
thank you for saving my life." We may guess he 
was more careful about sleeping on the wheel-house 
after that. 



THE INDIAN WHO MADE SOME A, B, C'S 

Many Cherokee Indians lived in Georgia. They 
had no books. They could not write their words. 
Sometimes they made a few picture signs, but it was 
hard for even the Indians to know what these meant. 

One day some young Indians were speaking of the 
white men. One of them said that white men could 
do many things that the Indians could not. He said 
that they could put talk on paper. He said that the 
paper could be sent to any distance, and other white 
men would know what the paper said. All the In- 
dians but one agreed that this was very wonderful. 

One of the Indians was named Sequoia. His 
English name was George Guess. He said talk on 
paper was not so strange, after all. He said he could 
write talk himself. 

Then he picked up a flat stone and began to make 

marks on it. In a little while, he read to them a 

sentence that he had made on the stone. The other 

Indians laughed. They thought it funny for an 

Indian to try to do so strange a thing. 

After that, Sequoia kept thinking of talk on paper, 

151 



152 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

He did not know how to read at all, but he thought 
that Cherokee talk could be put on paper as well as 
English. He thought that if he would try he could do 
it himself. He wanted his people to have a way to 
write. 

Sequoia tried to make some Cherokee A, B, C's. 
He worked many months at the task. All the time 
his friends laughed at him. They thought he had 
better hunt and fish, but he would not give up. 

At first he tried to have a sign for each word. 
After a time, he knew that would not do. There 
would be so many signs that it would take too long to 
learn them all. 

Then he began to listen to his people talk. In this 
way, he soon found out that all the Cherokee words 
were made up of about eighty sounds, so he made 
a sign for each sound. It was then easy to put them 
together to make whole words. 

Sequoia had somewhere got an English spelling 
book. He did not know the names nor sounds of the 
English letters, but he used them in making his 
alphabet. Some of them he used as we do; some he 
turned bottom side upward; some he changed. He 
invented some of his letters himself. 

He was very proud of his A, B, C's. He told his 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 153 

friends that now the Cherokees could send talk like 
the white men. But still they laughed at him, and 
would not use his alphabet. 

At last Sequoia went on a visit to Arkansas. He 
taught some Cherokees there to write with his alpha- 
bet. One of these Indians wrote a letter to a friend in 
Georgia. 

Sequoia brought the letter. The Cherokee to 
whom it was sent could soon read it. The Indians 
then saw that their talk could be written, so they 
began to use Sequoia's alphabet. They use it yet. 
It is very easy to learn. Now the Cherokees print 
books and newspapers with these A, B, C's. 

Do you think the Indians would have an alphabet 
if Sequoia had given up because they laughed ? Do 
you not think it wonderful that an Indian should 
make so good an alphabet ? 

Sequoia liked to learn about flowers and all kinds 
of trees. He went to California. There he saw the 
big trees. These trees are now called Sequoia trees. 
That is because Sequoia wrote so good a description 
of them. 

Tahlequah is the capital of the Indian Territory. 
The Indians have placed a fine marble bust of 
Sequoia in this city. 



ONE OF ATLANTA'S BUILDERS 

The state of Georgia once built a railroad. One 
end of it was near the Chattahoochee River. A 
town was built there. At first the town was called 
Terminus. This word means the end. 

Wilson Lumpkin was a great, good man. He was 
one of the Governors of Georgia. He had a daughter 
whose name was Martha. The name of Terminus 
was changed. It was called Marthas ville, in honor 
of Governor Lumpkin's daughter. Then after a 
time the place was called Atlanta. 

When Atlanta was a new town, a great many men 
would go there to drink and gamble. These men did 
not fear the law, and would do almost as they pleased. 
They were bad men, and were no help to the town. 

After a time a new mayor was to be elected. 
Jonathan Norcross was made mayor. He was a 
good man. He said the bad men would have to 
behave themselves better. But the bad men were 
not afraid, and were a little worse than before. 

Then Mayor Norcross had one of the worst of them 

154 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 155 

arrested. This man was shut up in the jail. The 
jail was a small house, and was built of logs. 

When night came, the friends of the man got a big 
pole. They went to the jail with it. They put it 
under the corner of the house, and they all pulled 
down on it. In this way the corner was raised, and 
the man came crawling out of jail. They now 
thought they had played a great joke on the mayor. 

Then all the bad men began to behave worse than 
ever. They ';vhooped and sang. They got a cannon 
and took it in front of the mayor's house. They fired 
it time and again. They said they would do as they 
pleased. But Mayor Norcross did not think that they 
would do as they pleased. He had some more of 
them arrested, and he tried them in his court. One 
of these was a big, ugly-looking man. Mayor Nor- 
cross said this man must go to jail. He told the 
marshal to take the man and lock him up. 

Then the bad man drew a knife a foot long. It was 
bright and very sharp. He rushed at Norcross. The 
mayor quickly picked up his chair to knock the bad 
man down. But the sheriff caught the man and 
took him out. 

It was dark outside. The man got away. He ran 
as fast as he could. The sheriff ran, too. He wanted 



156 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

to catch him. The boys on the streets ran and 
whooped, and the dogs barked and chased, but the 
man got away. It was said that he was never seen in 
Atlanta again. Most of his friends left, too. A 
better jail was built, and while Norcross was mayor, 
no one dared to behave badly. 

Atlanta is now the largest city in Georgia. There 
are many tall business houses and beautiful homes. 
There are fine churches and pretty parks. Norcross 
did much to make it so great a city. It became the 
capital of Georgia. 



DORA 

For a long time, Indians owned parts of Georgia. 
Often white men would go into the Indian country 
and settle. After a time, too many of them had 
settled on the Indians' lands. As the Indians did 
not like this, they complained to the Governor. Then 
the Governor sent soldiers to drive these white people 
away. 

This story is from tradition. That means that 
long ago fathers told it to their sons. These sons 
later told it to their sons. And so it has been told 
on down to the present time. 

One of the men who lived on the Indian lands had 
a little daughter. Her name was Dora. She was 
bright and sweet, and very kind. She knew a great 
many of the Indians and made friends of them. She 
would give them milk and anything that the Indians 
did not have. She often went to the wigwams and 
played with the little red children. When any of 
her Indian friends were sick, she would go to see 
them, and take care of them. She would carry them 

medicine and good food. 

157 



158 MAKERS OF CEO ROTA'S NAME AND FAME 

The Indians loved Dora. They would carry her 
deer and turkeys and fish. They made her a bead 
necklace, and a pair of beautiful soft moccasins for 
her feet. 

Then the soldiers came to drive the white man out 
of the red man's country. The Indians would show 
the soldiers to the places where the white men lived, 
but they never led the soldiers to Dora's home. 
They always led them away from it. The soldiers 
did not find it, so the family lived on in the Indian 
country. Dora and her Indian friends were glad. 

The place where she lived is not far from Atlanta. 
It is now called Doraville. 



A FIERCE PANTHER 

A long time ago, not many people lived in the 
southern part of Georgia. The few who did live 
there kept great herds of cows and sheep. They also 
raised large droves of hogs in the woods. 

There was a man who lived near the Allapaha 
River. One day his two boys went to hunt some 
hogs near the river. Their dog left them and went 
off into the swamp. The boys walked along the 
edge of the swamp. The bushes and vines were 
too thick for them to go into it. 

After a time they heard their dog barking as if he 
were scared almost to death. Then they saw the 
dog run out of the swamp. Close behind the dog 
came a large panther. It was trying to catch the 
dog. 

The dog was not caught. When the panther 

saw the boys, it showed its glaring yellow eyes and 

its big white teeth. It leaped at the boys and seized 

the older one. It threw him on the ground and bit 

him again and again. Then the panther thought 

the boy was dead. 

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i6o MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

The Other boy had run away as fast as he could. 
The panther now went to find him, but he was too 
late. The boy had got away. When the panther 
found that he could not catch this boy, he went back 
to the one he had bitten. 

The older boy had come to his senses. He pre- 
tended to be dead. The panther looked at him and 
then smelled about him. It then put leaves and 
grass over him and went away. 

Now, as soon as the panther left, the boy pushed 
the leaves and grass from over him. He looked about 
to see if the panther was near. He did not see it 
anywhere, so he ran and hid himself. 

While this was going on, the younger boy ran and 
told the neighbors. They got their guns and a big 
dog and went back to kill the panther. When they 
came to where the panther had hidden the older boy, 
they found neither boy nor panther. 

The men thought that maybe the panther had 
carried the boy away, so they set the dog out to 
hunt the panther. The dog found its track and 
followed it into the swamp. He soon came upon 
the panther and brought it to bay. The dog barked 
and the panther growled. 

The men went into the swamp. They stopped 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME i6i 

about thirty feet from the dog and the panther. 
They could see the beast, and it looked very fierce. 
The men were making plans to kill it. 

But the panther did not wait for them to make 
their plans. Its own plans seemed to be already 
made. It leaped at a single bound among the men. 
It seized one of them and dashed him on the ground. 
One of the men shot the panther, but did not hurt it. 
Another man tried to shoot it, but his gun did not 
fire. This man then drew a big knife and cut its 
throat. In the meantime the panther had killed the 
dog. None of the men were much hurt. 

They found the boy who had been hurt, and then 
went to take the skin off the panther. They carried it 
home with them. The boy soon got well. You may 
guess that these two boys did not want to meet 
another panther. 



DR. CRAWFORD W. LONG 

You know that men are often shot in battle so that 
their arms or legs have to be cut off. Many times, too, 
people have bad sores that have to be cut. It used 
to give great pain to have the flesh and bones of the 
body cut by knives and saws. Many people would 
die rather than have it done, but you shall now read 
the story of a man who found a way to cut the flesh 
without pain. 

Crawford W. Long lived at Jefferson, in Jackson 
County. He was a doctor. He studied a great deal. 
He was always trying to learn some new thing. 

At that time, the young people about Jefferson used 
to have parties. They would have fun by breathing 
a kind of gas. This gas would make them act 
very queer ly. Some of them would laugh and others 
would cry. Some would dance and sing while others 
would preach. It made them do many other strange 
things. The young people liked these parties. 

Sometimes they could not get this gas. Once they 

went to Dr. Long for some of it. He did not have 

any of the gas, but he told them that ether would do 

just as well. Ether is made from alcohol and sul- 
162 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA S NAME AND FAME 163 

phur. The young people tried it, and after that they 
began to have ether parties. 

Dr. Long would sometimes go to these ether 
parties. He soon saw that if a person fell after taking 
ether, it did not give him pain. One young man hurt 
his foot so that he could not walk for over a week. 
He told Dr. Long that he felt no pain while the in- 
fluence of the ether lasted. 

Dr. Long then thought that a man's flesh might be 
cut without pain if he took ether. He tried it the first 
chance he had. Mr. James Venable had a large tumor 
on his neck. Dr. Long gave him ether, and then cut 
the tumor off. Mr. Venable did not feel any pain. 

Then there was a negro who had a very sore toe. 
It would not get well. Dr. Long gave the negro ether 
and cut off the toe. It did not hurt the negro. 

Dr. Long then knew that he had found a way to cut 
live flesh without pain. He was very glad he had 
found this out. He gave this knowledge freely to the 
world. Since that time, it has saved thousands of 
lives as well as a great deal of pain. 

You see Dr. Long did a great good for the world. 
He is a Georgian of whom we should be proud. He 
has been honored by having his statue placed in the 
National Hall of Fame in Washington City. 



THE LeCONTES 

Joseph LeConte's father lived in Liberty County. 
His plantation was called Woodmanston. There were 
large fields of rice, cotton, and corn. These fields 
were worked by Mr. LeConte's slaves. He had 
about two hundred negro slaves. 

On this place many kinds of work were done. The 
rice had to be threshed and cleaned of the husks. 
The cotton had to be picked, ginned, and packed. 
The corn had to be shucked and shelled. Cloth was 
made on looms. Leather was made from cow hides. 
From this leather, shoes and harnesses were made. 
There were shops on the place. Here plows, wagons, 
hoe-handles, axe-handles, almost everything used on 
the farm, were made. It was a busy place. Most 
of the work was done by the slaves. But Joseph and 
his brothers did their share of it, too. 

The LeConte boys made their own toys. They 

would make their marbles from clay. Then they 

would burn them till they were hard. The marbles 

were good ones. They also made bows and arrows 

with which they often hunted. 

Then after a time, the boys wanted pistols. They 
164 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 165 

made molds from stiff paper. Into these molds they 
poured melted pewter. To make the barrels hollow, 
they would mold them about a little round rod of 
wood. Then the barrel was fixed to a handle. 
These pistols shot very well. One of the boys made 
a rifle in this way. It was a very pretty one, and 
it could kill a squirrel in the top of a high tree. 

The boys hunted a great deal. Besides their bows 
and arrows, they had guns. They killed rabbits, 
squirrels, ducks, and many kinds of birds. They 
liked to fish, too. When Joseph was about ten years 
old, he and his two brothers made a big canoe. It 
was a "dugout." A "dugout" is a canoe that is 
made by cutting and burning out a single piece of a 
tree. The boys were happy in making their canoe. 

After they had finished their canoe, they would 
spend whole days in paddling over the large swamp 
near Woodmanston. Sometimes they would put in 
a mast and sail the canoe. Then they would go sail- 
ing over the big rice fields. The rice fields were often 
covered with water two or three feet deep. Some- 
times the canoe would turn over, and "splash!" into 
the water the boys would go. But it did not hurt them. 
They were strong, and it did not make them sick to 
get wet. They all learned to be good swimmers. 



1 66 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

There were many alligators in the water on the 
plantation. Alligators live in holes or caves on the 
edge of the water. The LeConte boys knew where 
a very large one had its cave. The water once got 
so low that they could see his hole. 

The boys and some of the negroes made up their 
minds that they would catch this old fellow. They 
got a long pole and fixed a large iron hook in one end 
of it. They thrust this into the alligator's cave and 
the hook caught in his tough hide. He did not like 
that and hung back as hard as he could. It took 
twenty-five men to pull him out. At last, when he 
was brought out, he was very angry. He snapped 
his great jaws, with their big white teeth, in a very 
ugly way. He was soon killed. After that the boys 
liked to swim at that place. 

The slaves lived in small houses. The ^' white 
folks' house" at Woodmanston was a large one. It 
was two stories high. 

In a closet upstairs were a great many guns. 
There were rifles and shot guns, single-barrelled guns, 
and double-barrelled guns. 

There were big guns, little guns, long guns, short 
guns — all sorts of guns. At last an old negro named 
Sampson told them why they were there. 



SAMPSON'S STORY 

Sampson said that right after the Revolution, 
Woodmanston had been owned by Joseph's grand- 
father. At that time, Indians had lived just be- 
yond the Altamaha River, which flowed past Wood- 
manston. The Indians would sometimes come over 
into Liberty County. They would take all the rice, 
corn, meat, and horses they wanted. They would 
kill anyone who tried to keep them from taking these 
things. After they had taken what they wanted they 
would go back across the Altamaha into their own 
country. 

Sampson said that the boys' grandfather had built 
a small fort to protect his family and slaves from the 
Indians. The guns the boys had seen in the closet 
had been put into the fort to fight the Indians with. 
The boys' grandfather had said to his slaves, ''If the 
Indians ever come, you must run to the fort as 
quickly as you can." 

One day about noon, the negroes came running to 

the fort. They were badly scared. The Indians 

167 



i68 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

were close behind them. Most of the negroes got 
inside the fort. All the LeContes, too, quickly went 
into it. 

But one big negro man was caught by two Indians 
near the gate. They began to struggle. The negro 
was trying to get away. All three fell to the ground 
together. 

The boys' grandfather wanted to save the negro's 
life, so he fired a load of buckshot into the mass on 
the ground. The two Indians were killed. The 
negro was struck, but not much hurt. He sprang 
up and ran into the fort. 

There were a great many of the Indians. They 
were soon all around the fort. The battle lasted two 
or three hours. Sampson said that the boys' grand- 
father and some of the bravest negroes stood at the 
loopholes and fired at the Indians. Then they would 
hand the guns back to others to be loaded. In this 
way they could fire quick and fast. 

At last, the chief wanted all the Indians to rush 
on the fort at one time. They hoped in this way to 
take it. But when the chief came from behind the 
tree where he hid, the boys' grandfather fired at 
him and broke his leg. The Indians at once took 
him away. They took horses from the stables and 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 169 

tied the chief fast on one of them. All the Indians 
then left. They ran away to their own country as 
fast as they could. 

And this is the story Sampson told the LeConte 
boys of the guns in the closet upstairs. 



THE BOY WHO BECAME A GEOLOGIST 

The LeConte boys' father was a very wise man. 
He was well educated. Upstairs in his house, he 
fitted up a room for himself. There he w^ould work 
and study chemistry. Sometimes he would take the 
boys into the room and let them watch him at work. 
They liked this, and they came to like chemistry, too. 
They wanted to know more of it. 

These boys also liked to find birds, flowers, plants, 
and shells. These they would take to their father to 
learn their names, and to find out all they could about 
them. He could always tell them something about 
these things. 

Later, Joseph and Jolin went to college. After 
they were men, John became president of the Uni- 
versity of California. Joseph was a professor in the 
same university. 

Joseph was a great geologist. A geologist is one 

who learns all he can about the Way the earth has 

been made and changed. Professor Joseph LeConte 

wrote some great books. He was a Georgian of 

whom we may well be proud. 
170 



A BOY WHO WENT TO AN OLD FIELD 
SCHOOL 

Richard Malcolm Johnson could read when he 
was a very little boy. After he was a man, he said 
that he could not remember when he learned to read. 
He could read almost as soon as he could walk. His 
father was very proud of him. 

Once there was company in the house. Richard 
was playing about the room where they all were. A 
man who was present said something to Richard. 
This made Richard's father tell the man that Richard 
could read. The man then wanted to hear so little 
a boy read. So Mr. Johnson took Richard upon his 
knee. He gave Richard a book and told him to read. 

Richard tried, but he was so excited that he could 
not read a word. He tried and tried, and at last gave 
it up. His father felt very much ashamed of him. 
He put him on the floor and sent him to play. 

A year or two later, time came for Richard to go to 

school. His mother put his dinner in a little bucket. 

He took it and his book and went with some other 

children. They had a good long walk to the school. 

171 



172 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

They went through the woods and fields. On the 
way they saw a squirrel. A rabbit ran across the 
road. The children ran after it and tried to catch it, 
but the rabbit outran them. Birds sang in the trees, 
bees hummed here and there, and flowers bloomed 
all along the way. 

Then they came to the school-house. It was a 
small log-house on the edge of an old field. An old 
field is a field no longer tended. It is nearly always 
grown up in old field pines, broomsedge, and weeds. 
In those times the school-house was nearly always 
built in an old field. There was a cleared place for 
the school. Such a school was called an '^old field 
school." 

When the children came in sight, they saw other 
boys and girls who had come to the school. They 
were shouting and playing. Richard put up his book, 
and hung his bucket on a peg in the house. Then he 
was soon playing with the other children, and having 
a good time. 

Before long, a big, grand-looking man came up. 
The shouting and noise of the children stopped. The 
man went into the house and put up his hat and 
book. He was the teacher. He then came to the 
door, and called out, ^' Books, books!" The chil- 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 173 

dren all ran into the house. They were soon busy 
with their lessons. 

The teacher soon called Richard up to him, and 
asked his name and age. He then gave Richard his 
lesson, and sent him to his seat to learn it. 

When Richard's time came, he "said" his lesson. 
Then came recess and all the children went to play. 
They played "Prisoner's Base" and "Old Blue 
Bear" and "Hand-cat." The recess lasted about 
fifteen minutes, and then the teacher called "Books!" 
again. 

At noon the children had an hour. They took 
their buckets and went out and ate their dinner. 
Then more play. They also had a recess in the 
afternoon. At last, when the sun was about down, 
school was dismissed. Then all the boys and girls 
went home. Thus ended Richard's first day at 
school. 

Richard went to this teacher for some time. The 
teacher kept a large yellow book. He would draw 
pictures in it. One day he was busy drawing a pic- 
ture in the book. Richard wanted to ask a ques- 
tion. He put his finger on the word in his book. 
Then he went walking up to the teacher. Richard 
was thinking of his question. He did not look where 



174 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

he was going, so he ran against the teacher's arm. 
This made the teacher spoil his picture. Richard 
was badly scared. The teacher scolded him and 
sent him back to his seat. He did not get his ques- 
tion answered. You may be sure he was more care- 
ful next time. 

The pupils begged their teacher to give them a 
holiday. He would not. They asked him again for 
a holiday. He still said '^No." At last all the pupils 
caught him. He kicked and squirmed and tried to 
get away. But the big boys and girls held him fast. 
They took him down to the spring. He still would 
not give them a hoHday. So then they ducked him 
in the cold spring water. Then he gave them a 
hoHday. 

The next year there was a new teacher in the school. 
He was a very cruel man. Richard went to school 
again. One day he and another Httle boy missed 
their lessons. The teacher called them to him. The 
boys were scared. 

The teacher made Richard take the other boy on 
his back. It was as if Richard were a horse and the 
other boy the rider. The teacher then took a long, 
tough switch in his hand. He struck the other boy. 
He made Richard run and caper as if he were a horse. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 175 

Richard neighed and kicked. All the time the teacher 
was whipping the boy who was on Richard's back. 
Then the teacher made them change places, and 
Richard got the whipping and the other boy was the 
horse. This was hard on the boys. It made the 
other children laugh. It also made them learn their 
lessons. These two were not the only boys who 
played ''horse" in school. 

Another day, several boys and girls missed their 
lessons. The teacher made them all take off their 
shoes and stockings. He then made them stand in 
a ring, one behind another. At the word, they all 
began to run. The teacher stood near with a switch. 
He would strike them on their bare legs as they ran 
past him. Around and around they ran and he 
whipped and whipped. This was called the ''cir- 
cus." In this school there was a circus nearly every 
day. Would you like to be in such a circus ? 

In the "old field school" there was a new teacher 
nearly every year. One of Richard's teachers was a 
very stern man. Richard was afraid to miss a lesson. 
He would sometimes pray before he went to recite. 
He would pray that he might know his lessons, and 
not get a whipping. 

Richard had one good teacher at this school. This 



176 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

teacher could have the pupils learn their lessons with- 
out whipping them much. He would keep a list of 
each pupil's lessons. If a lesson were missed, he 
would mark it down "imperfect." At the close of 
the school, he would read out the pupils' names, and 
the number of imperfect lessons. Richard was very 
proud, for on the last day of school the teacher read, 
"Richard Johnson, imperfects, none." 

When he was a man, he taught school himself for 
several years. He was chosen to be president of 
Mercer University when he was only thirty-five years 
old, but he would not accept the place. He set up 
a school of his own in Baltimore. 

Later he became a great writer. Most of his 
books are about Georgia people. You would enjoy 
reading them. 



THE MAN WHO MADE A SEWING MACHINE 

People used to do all their sewing with their fingers. 
There were no sewing machines. It was hard work 
to make clothes. It took almost a day to do the work 
that can now be done in an hour. 

Francis R. Goulding was a minister. He was also 
a doctor. He lived for a time at Eatonton. His 
wife was not strong, and they had a large family of 
boys and girls. Mrs. Goulding was not well enough 
to sit up and sew with her fingers to make clothes for 
the children. But they must have them, so she 
did her best to make enough to keep them all warm. 

Dr. Goulding saw that she was having a hard time. 
He was sad because she was sick and had to work so 
hard. He set to work to see if he could not help her. 
As he could not sew very well himself, he could not 
help her very much that way. He thought that some 
kind of a machine could be made that would run the 
needle. He began to try to make such a machine. 

At last he found the right idea. Then he soon 

made a machine that would sew for his wife. She 

was glad, because she could now make enough clothes 

177 



178 MAKERS OF GEORGLVS NAME AND FAME 

for all the children. She was the first woman to sew 
on a machine. 

Dr. Goulding was the first man to make a sewing 
machine. He made his machine a whole year before 
anyone else made one. But he did not try to keep 
others from making and selling sewing machines. 
He took out no patent on it. He was glad enough 
that he had made it. He was more glad that his sick 
wife did not have to sew any more with her fingers. 

Dr. Goulding wrote some good books. One of 
them is a story. It is called ''The Young Maroon- 
ers." He took three years to write it. He would 
write a part of the book. Then he would read it to 
his children. They Hked his story, and he put many 
things into it to please them. So you see that his 
children really helped him to write it. 

''The Young Marooners" is a story of some boys 
and a girl who were dragged away in a boat by a large 
sea fish. They were carried far away before the fish 
let their boat loose. Then the children landed on an 
island near the coast of Florida. There were Indians 
and many wild animals there. They stayed here a 
long time before their father found them. The chil- 
dren had a great many exciting adventures on the 
island. You must read the book some time. 



A FIGHT WITH A BEAR 

In the mountains of North Georgia is a beautiful 
waterfall. It is called Tallulah Falls. The water 
tumbles from the top of a high ledge of rock, and 
dashes in foamy spray at its foot. Many people go 
there to see the falls. 

Near this place, there once lived a man whose 
name was Adam Vandever. He liked to hunt so well 
that people called him ''the hunter of Tallulah." He 
roved far and wide over the mountains and valleys. 
He shot squirrels, turkeys, deer, and sometimes bears. 

When he was an old man, he liked to tell stories 
of his hunts. He told this story to a man who went 
to see the falls. 

Once when he was hunting, he used all his powder 
and shot. Then he started home. He had not 
gone far when he heard his dogs begin to bark. The 
barking grew louder, and he heard one of his dogs 
howd. He thought something had hurt the dog, 
so he ran as fast as he could toward the dogs. He 

soon came in sight of them. He saw a large bear 

179 



i8o MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

standing up like a man. The bear had one of his 
best dogs between his fore legs, and was about to 
squeeze him to death. This dog was howling. The 
other dogs were keeping out of reach and barking. 

Vandever loved his dogs, and did not want the bear 
to kill this one. But he could not shoot, so he drew 
a big knife and ran up. The bear saw him and 
turned the dog loose. Vandever tried to cut the bear 
with the big knife. As the bear did not want any 
holes in his hide, he tried to keep the man away. 
He knocked and clawed as hard as he could. He 
scratched nearly all the clothes off of Vandever. He 
struck so hard and fast that he almost knocked 
Vandever down. Vandever got mad. Then he 
made a great lunge at the bear with the knife, but 
the bear was ready. He struck back, so that Van- 
dever cut off two of his own fingers. Then Van- 
dever fought harder than ever. He soon cut the bear 
so that he died. 

He took the bear's hide home with him. He went 
back and got some of his meat. He had bear meat 
for a long time. 



SIDNEY LANIER AND HIS FLUTE 

Sidney and Clifford Lanier were two brothers. 
The family lived in Bibb County. The two boys 
liked to ramble in the woods and fields. Together 
they would hunt birds and squirrels. They often 
hunted flowers, berries, nuts, and grapes. They 
liked to sit on the banks of the river and fish. They 
would spend hours at a time fishing. 

Sidney liked music. He made his first music with 
^' bones.'' He would keep time with them as negroes 
do in dance tunes. Then his mother helped him to 
learn to play on the piano. He could soon play well 
on the piano, the banjo, and the violin. He could 
play even before he could write. 

He made his playmates into a minstrel band. One 
boy had a fife. Another had a tin pan for a drum. 
A third had bones, and so on. Sidney himself was 
the leader of the band. Can you guess what great 
music they made? 

When Sidney was about nine years old, he went to 
his stocking one Christmas morning to see what Santa 



i82 MAKERS OF GEORGLVS NAME AND FAME 

Claus had brought for him. He found apples, can- 
dies, and toys. But best of all to Sidney, was a pretty 
little yellow flute. He began to play on his flute at 
once. All the other gifts of Santa were forgotten. 
He easily learned to play the flute and always dearly 
loved it. 

Sidney liked to hear stories told. He liked best 
stories of olden times, when brave knights fought 
fierce battles with their swords and spears. 

His parents wanted him to learn to read the stories 
for himself. He was then seven years old. He 
would have to learn the A, B, C's first. They looked 
like queer marks to him. He tried and tried, but he 
could not learn them easily. Then he was given a 
whipping. After a time, he learned the letters. 
Then he learned to read. 

He now read a great deal. More than ever, he 
liked the stories of heroes and knightly deeds. He 
liked to read the books that would make him better. 
He wanted to learn from them to be "fair in trade, 
loyal in love, generous to the poor, tender in the 
household, prudent in living, simple in' behavior, and 
honest in all things." 

Sidney made his playmates into a military com- 
pany. They had bows and arrows. Sidney was 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 183 

their captain, and he had a wooden sword. They 
carried on great wars and fought battles fiercely. 
Fields were lost and victories won, but if any blood 
was shed, no one ever heard tell of it. 

When he was older, Sidney went through college. 
Then he was a soldier in the Civil War. After that 
he taught school. But he always kept his flute with 
him. He now had a large fine one. In the war, he 
was once taken prisoner. He hid his flute in his 
sleeve. In this way he took it into the prison with 
him. It was good company for Lanier. 

Sidney Lanier became a poet. He is the South's 
greatest poet. You must read some time his ^^Song 
of the Chattahoochee" and "The Marshes of 
Glynn." 



A BOY WHO LOVED HIS MOTHER 

Abram Ryan was a very serious, thoughtful boy. 
He loved his mother very much. She was a good 
woman. She took a great deal of pains to teach little 
Abram. She often talked to him of God, and then 
she would pray for him. She died while he was a 
young man. 

After he was a man, he wrote many beautiful 
poems. One of them was about his mother's prayers. 
He said in this poem: 

"I felt 
That when I knelt 
To listen to my mother's prayer, 
God was with my mother there.'* 

Ryan made his poems into a book. In it he said 
he would place his poems on her grave as a ^'garland 
of affection." In this way he would show how much 
he loved her. 

He became a priest in the Catholic Church. Then 

he was ^'Father Ryan." He was a strong, brave 
184 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 185 

man. When the Civil War came, he joined the 
Confederate Army as a chaplain. A chaplain 
preaches to the soldiers and prays for them. The 
soldiers loved Father Ryan very much. 

Once smallpox broke out in a great prison. All 
the chaplains ran away and left the poor prisoners. 
One of the prisoners who was about to die begged 
for a priest. No one could be found to go to the sick 
man. They were all afraid they too would take 
smallpox and perhaps die. But when Father Ryan 
heard of the dying man, he said that he would go. 
He went and stayed with the poor sick man for many 
weeks. 

We should be proud that he lived in Georgia, he 
was so good a man as well as a great one^ He was 
a true Southerner. One of his best poems is called 
"The Sword of Lee.'' He thought General Robert 
E. Lee a very great man. 



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ALEXANDER STEPHENS 



LITTLE ALECK 

Alexander Stephens was one of Georgia's greatest 
men, but his body was small. He never weighed 
much more than ninety pounds. So you see he was 
about the size of a twelve-year-old boy. He was often 
called *^ Little Aleck." He was sick nearly all his 
life. 

After he was a man and in Congress, he once went 
to a hotel with two other men. As he was weak and 
tired, he sat on a lounge in the hall. The other two 
men were still standing when the landlady came in. 
She thought Stephens was a country boy. She 
thought Stephens was not polite enough to offer his 
seat to the grown man. So she said, "My son, get 
up and let these gentlemen have this seat." The 
two men laughed. So did Stephens. The lady felt 
very bad when she found out who the "boy" was. 

His mother died when he was very young. His 

father brought home another for him, but he missed 

the love and care of his own mother. Then. his 

father died when Aleck was about fourteen years old. 
187 



i88 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

After that he went to live with his uncle. He 
helped his uncle with the farm work. He also went 
to school and learned all he could. 

Later he went to college. He had a hard time to 
get his education. Some kind people helped him. 
He paid them back as soon as he was able. He did 
not forget the hard times he had, so, after he had 
money enough, he helped thirty-six young men 
through college. 

Stephens became a lawyer. You might like to 
hear the story of his first case in court. It was twenty 
miles to where court was to be held. He did not own 
a horse, nor did he have money to hire one. He 
knew that he was too weak to walk so far. But he 
wished to look as well as he could before the Judge 
and the other lawyers in court. 

The weather was hot, but as it was cooler at night 
he took a bundle of clean clothes, and set out just as 
night came on. He walked along as fast as he could. 
When he was tired, he sat on a rock or a stump by the 
road and rested. In this way, he walked ten miles 
to his uncle's. This uncle was glad to lend the young 
lawyer a horse to ride the rest of the way. The next 
morning Aleck got on the horse and rode on to the 
court. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 189 

Just before he reached the place where court was 
to be held, he rode into the woods. He got down 
from his horse. He took off his soiled clothes. Then 
he put on his clean ones, and fixed himself to look 
as well as he could. He looked so neat and pleaded 
so well, he easily won his case. 

Alexander Stephens became a great lawyer. He 
was made Vice-President of the Confederate States. 
He was also one of the Governors of Georgia. A 
county is named in his honor. 



LITTLE ALECK'S DOGS 

Stephens bought a fine home for himself. It was 
called Liberty Hall. It was at Crawfordsville in 
Taliaferro County. It was a pleasant home, and 
many people would make visits there. All were 
welcome. 

There were no boys and girls to laugh and romp at 
Liberty Hall, but Stephens loved dogs. He had a 
huge brown mastiff named Troup. Then, there was 
the little black terrier, Frank, who was always ready 
to snap and snarl. Sir Bingo Bincks was a third dog, 
just a yellow pup. Stephens loved best of all Rio, 
a poodle. This dog slept in the room with his master. 

Sometimes Stephens was so ill he had to lie in bed 
for weeks. Then Rio would stay with him all the 
time. The dog seemed to want to take care of his 
master. But most of the time Stephens was strong 
enough to rise in the morning and stir about. Then 
the first thing, after they got up, was a merry romp for 
the two. Stephens would pull Rio's ears and pinch 
him. Rio would get away. Stephens would try to 

catch him. Of course he could not, for Rio could 

190 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 191 

outrun him. Then Rio would bark and snarl and 
make out he was trying to catch his master. In this 
way they would play till the master was tired. 

Rio nearly always went with his master on his trips. 
But sometimes he was left at home. Then he would 




RIO 



meet every train to see if Stephens was on it. Rio 
would get on the train and go all through it looking 
for his master. It was easy to tell when Stephens 
did come home, Rio would bark and caper so. 

Rio was a useful dog. He would close a door when 
told to do so. His master often sent him to bring his 
hat and cane. When at last Rio died, Stephens had 
him buried in a neat little grave near the house. 




MONUMENT TO BEN HILL IN STATE CAPITOL 



A BOY WHO LED HIS CLASS 

Benjamin Hill lived in Troup County. His father 
was a farmer. Ben worked in the fields and grew up 
large and strong. He went to school whenever he 
had the chance. 

Ben's father did not think it would be best for Ben 
to go to college. Ben's older brother had gone to 
college and afterwards went to Texas to fight Indians. 
His father thought there was no use to go to college 
to learn to fight Indians, so he did not wish to spend 
money to send Ben also to a college. 

But Ben wanted a college education very much. 
He did not have any money of his own. His mother 
said that she would give him all she could make on her 
patch of cotton. One of his aunts said she would 
give as much more. Then, at last, his father said he 
would give the rest for his expenses in college. 

Ben promised not to spend more than three 

hundred dollars a year. He also promised his mother 

that he would take the first honor in liis class. That 

meant that he would get better lessons than any other 

193 



194 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

boy in the class. His mother wanted him to go more 
than anyone else. So he began to get ready for 
college. 

He went to the State University at Athens. When 
he reached Athens, he found many other boys and 
young men already there. Ben wore a homemade 
suit of gray jeans. His coat was too long. He had 
on a pair of coarse shoes that had been made at home. 
His trousers fitted too tightly, and just reached the 
tops of his shoes. He was very tall. His face was 
pale. He looked very funny as he stalked about in 
these queer clothes. It is said that he was the most 
awkward boy that entered the University that year. 
No one would have thought that Ben would be the 
one of all those boys to lead the class. 

But as he had promised his mother to do that very 
thing, hew^ent to work and did it. No boy had such 
good lessons as he. Soon he was also one of the best 
speakers in the University, and a leader among the 
students. 

When he had finished at college, he became a 
lawyer. Later he held many offices of trust for the 
people of Georgia. The Legislature has named a 
rich county in his honor. 

A man once became angry with Hill. He asked 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 195 

Hill to fight a duel with him. In a duel two men try 
to kill each other. At that time, this was the common 
way for men to settle their quarrels. A man who 
would not fight a duel was thought to be a coward. 

Ben Hill thought that he ought not to fight in this 
way, so he wrote to the man and said, "I have no 
ill-will towards you and could not shoot at you. If I 
should shoot at you and kill you, my peace of mind 
would be lost, and I could not be happy when I 
thought of it." 

The people loved Hill. They did not think tliat 
he was a coward. They were glad that he would not 
fight a duel. This act of Hill helped to put an end 
to duels in Georgia. 

Ben Hill loved his state and his country. All 
Georgians are proud of him. There is a fine monu- 
ment to him in the Capitol in Atlanta. On one side 
of the monument may be read some of his own words. 
Here they are : '' Who saves his country saves himself, 
saves all things, and all things saved do bless him. 
Who lets his country die, lets all things die, dies him- 
self ignobly, and all things dying curse him." 



THE BOY WHO PLOWED OXEN 

Dahlonega is a town in Lumpkin County. The 
Indians named it a long time ago. Dahlonega, in 
their language, means yellow money. The place was 
so named because gold was found there. 

There are gold mines at Dahlonega and there used 
to be a mint. A mint is a place where gold, silver, 
or other metals are made into money. So a good 
many people lived at Dahlonega, to work the mines 
and the mint. 

A tall, slender boy used to come driving into Dah- 
lonega. His name was Joseph Brown. He drove 
two oxen named Buck and Tom, They were hitched 
to a little cart. Joseph was bringing wood, butter, 
and vegetables to sell to the people in the town. Afte r 
he sold them, he would buy a few things his father 
and mother and the children needed. He would 
then drive Buck and Tom back, far over the moun- 
tains, to his home. 

Joseph would plow the oxen to make the crop. He 

worked hard to help make a living for the family. 

There was little time for him to go to school. 

196 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 197 

At last when Joseph was twenty years old, his 
father gave him the two oxen. His father said, *^ You 
may now go and get an education." 

Joseph was very glad. He took the two oxen and 
went away. 

He went to a school in South Carolina. He was 
sorry to part with Buck and Tom, for they were old 
friends, but he gave them to pay for his board for 
eight months. He went in debt for his schooling. 
Then he studied hard for the eight months. At the 
end of that time, he began to teach school himself. 
In this way, he paid his debt. He then went to school 
the next year. Then he taught again. He would 
study law at night and on Saturdays. And thus he 
paid his way, and learned all he could. 

He later went to Yale University. He worked so 
hard that he had the best lessons in his class. He also 
had time to hear other lectures. He was studying 
law. When he was through Yale, he became a lawyer. 
He bought a farm, and then he was a farmer too. 

It is said that Brown was one day in his field tying 
wheat. A message came to him that he had been 
made a candidate for Governor. He was elected. 
He was Governor during the Civil War, and he has 
been called the ''War Governor." 



198 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Did you ever think of calt being valuable ? Nowa- 
days, we can buy a pound of salt for five cents. While 
the war was going on, a pound of salt would sometimes 
cost almost a pound of money. There was not much 
to be had at any price. 

Some men bought nearly all the salt in Georgia. 
They thought the people would have to buy salt from 
them. They were going to sell it for a big price. In 
this way, they were going to make a great deal of 
money for themselves. 

But Governor Brown found out their plans. He 
knew that he had been made Governor to take care 
of the people. He knew it would be wrong to let 
these men sell salt to the people at such high prices, 
so he had officers to seize all the salt that could be 
found. He also said that no salt must be shipped 
out of the state. He then sold salt to the people 
at prices they could pay. 

He did so much for the people of the state that it 
would take a big book to tell all. Brown was one of 
Georgia's best and noblest men. 



A MAN WHO ILLUSTRATED GEORGIA 

You must know that our country is made up of 
many states. Georgia is one of them. For many 
years the states lived in the Union in peace. It was 
almost like sisters in a great family. 

Then the states of the North and the states of the 
South had a quarrel. The states of the South sepa- 
rated from the others, and made a government for 
themselves. It was called the Confederate States. 
So Georgia was one of the Confederate States. 

The people of the South called the people of the 
North Federals or ''Yankees." The people of the 
North called the people of the South Confederates or 
"Rebels." Thus the Georgia people were Con- 
federates or Rebels. 

Then the two governments went into a long, bitter 
war. It was called the Civil War. It lasted four 
years. Twenty thousand men went to this war from 
Georgia. That was more than went from any other 
southern state. 

Francis Bartow lived at Savannah. He was one of 

the brave men who went to the war from Geonaa. 

199 



200 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

He was given the command of a brigade. A brigade 
is made up of two or more regiments. When Bartow 
was ready to set out to the war, he said, "I go to illus- 
trate Georgia." He soon led his brigade to Virginia. 
That is where the most of the fighting was. 

Bartow and his men were in almost the first battle 
of the war. In a great charge, the flag bearer was 
shot. He was badly hurt and he was about to drop 
the flag to the ground. Bartow quickly took it from 
him and led the men to the charge. 

He was soon in the thickest of the fight. A bullet 
killed his horse. Soon a great cannon ball came 
roaring and tearing along. It struck Bartow and 
mangled his foot and leg. He fell from his horse. 
He could go no further, but he did not give up. He 
leaned against a fence that was there. He could not 
stand alone. He waved his sword and urged his 
men to battle. He knew that he was badly hurt and 
that he must die. Then again he waved his sword 
and shouted to his men, ''Boys they have killed me. 
But you must never give it up. Forward!" His 
men did not give up. They fought bravely, and the 
battle was won. 

Thus Bartow died, and thus did he illustrate 
Georgia to the end. Bartow County is named in his 
honor. 



A GEORGIA GUN MAKER 

Soon after the Civil War began, it was found that 
the South was not ready for war. The men were 
ready to fight, but they could get not nearly enough 
guns. Governor Brown could get not even shotguns 
enough for his Georgia soldiers. He wanted mus- 
kets and rifles for them. 

As Governor Brown could not get guns enough, he 
thought he would arm his men with pikes. A pike 
is a long stout pole with a sharp steel point. The 
Governor had a great many of these pikes made and 
gave them to his soldiers. He made them a speech. 
He said, "If the Yankees come at you, jab 'em." 
But the pikes were never used in battle. 

Then the Governor thought he would have guns 
made for his soldiers. So he got a Mr. Peck in 
Atlanta to try to make some guns. Mr. Peck had 
hard work to make them. He had only such tools 
as are used for wood work, but after a time, he 
made about twenty-five guns. 

The barrels of these guns were not quite three feet 
long. They shot bullets one inch thick and over two 



202 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

inches long. The guns were very heavy. A man 
could not easily hold one out and shoot it. He had 
to have a forked pole to rest the gun on when he went 
to shoot it. The guns were almost like small cannon. 

After the guns were made, Mr. Peck loaded some 
of them. He then shot them to see if they were good 
guns. They shot well. But they kicked very hard. 
They would almost break the shoulder of the man who 
shot them. Some one said they liked the North as 
well as they did the South, for ''every time they shot 
a Yankee, they kicked a Rebel down." 

These big guns were not used in the war. They 
fell into the hands of the United States soldiers. 
Some of them may still be seen in Washington City. 

Soon a great many rifles and muskets were taken 
in battle. With these the soldiers of the South were 
armed. 



LEE'S OLD WAR HORSE 

When James Longstreet was young, he went to 
West Point to learn to be a soldier. He did not like 
to study his books. He liked to be doing some- 
thing else. He did not stand very high in his class. 
At West Point many subjects were taught that he did 
not want to study. He could not see what use a sol- 
dier would have for some of them. He would study 
only the parts of the book that he liked. 

When he was in physics, he would not try to learn 
about the pulley. He skipped it. At last the time 
came for an examination. Longstreet did not think 
that he would have to answer any questions about the 
pulley. But almost all the questions were about the 
pulley. As young Longstreet had not studied that 
part of the book, he failed in his examination. 

Then the teacher gave him another chance to stand 
the examination. He began to study. He wanted 
to be sure that he would pass this time. He would 
study the pulley day and night. He kept on study- 
ing it almost all the time. Longstreet learned all 

he could about the pulley. 

203 



204 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

When the second examination came, not a single 
question was about the pulley. So Longstreet failed 
again. But after a time there was another examina- 
tion. The questions this time were all about the 
pulley. Longstreet was very glad. He passed 
easily. He never forgot what he had learned about 
that part of physics. 

In the Civil War he was a Confederate. He be- 
came a great general. Under General Robert E. 
Lee, he fought so well that he was called ''Lee's 
Old War Horse." Once Longstreet was sent away 
from General Lee to fight in another place. General 
Lee missed him very much. He wrote to Longstreet, 
''I want you badly. You cannot get back to me too 
soon." 

After the war, Longstreet became a merchant: 
General Lee wrote to him again. He wrote this: 
"If you become as good a merchant as you were a 
soldier, I shall be content. No one will then excel 
you." 

Longstreet became a very good merchant, but he 
was one of Georgia's very greatest soldiers and 
generals. 



THE RACCOON ROUGHS 

As you enter the Capitol grounds in Atlanta, on 
one side you may see a grand monument. There is 
a noble-looking man mounted on a fine large horse. 
Both are made of bronze. The horse stands upon 
some large blocks of ma,rble placed one upon another. 
These together form what is called the pedestal. If 
you look with care, you will see that it is the monu- 
ment of General Jolm B. Gordon. 

When the Civil War began, Gordon was not a 
general. He was in business for himself. He lived 
near where Georgia, Tennessee, and North Caro- 
lina meet. He almost lived in three states, but we 
are glad that his home was in Georgia. 

He left his business to go to the war. He raised 
a company of men from the mountains. These men 
were very eager to go to the war. They wanted to 
ride horses and be cavalry soldiers, but a message 
came that no more cavalry was needed, so then they 
thought that they would go as foot soldiers. 

When they reached Atlanta, they were a strange 

looking company. They had no uniforms. No two 

205 




GORDON'S MONUMENT ON CAPITOL GROUNDS IN ATLANTA 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 207 

were dressed alike. The only thing they wore alike 
were their coonskin caps with the tails for plumes. 
These plumes floated out from the top of their caps, 
and looked very queer. 

As they marched down the streets of Atlanta, they 
were the wonder of all. Gordon was their captain. 
Some one asked him the name of his company. No 
name had been given it at that time. Gordon at 
once thought that "Mountain Rifles" would be a 
good name, so he said that his company was the 
Mountain Rifles. 

One of the soldiers did not hke this name. "No," 
said he loudly, "we are not Mountain Rifles. We are 
Raccoon Roughs." The people on the streets 
laughed. They liked this name. All through the 
war, Gordon's mountain men were called Raccoon 
Roughs. 

Before Gordon could get his Raccoon Roughs 
away from Atlanta, he found out that not even foot 
soldiers were now needed. Then Gordon's men were 
to be carried back home. They did "not know that 
they were on their way home. When they got on the 
train they found this out. They had made up their 
minds that they would go to war, so when the train 
started, they got off and stopped it. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 209 

Then the Governor let them go to Virginia to fight. 
They fought with General Gordon all through the 
war. They were brave soldiers. The Raccoon 
Roughs never failed. 

At the battle of Sharpsburg, Gordon and his Rac- 
coon Roughs fought very bravely. Gordon had now 
become a general. He was shot four times in this 
battle. Still he would not give up. At last a bullet 
was shot through his head. Then he fell on his face. 

His men thought he was dead. They had to leave 
him. They could not stop fighting. As Gordon 
fell, his cap slipped over his face, but he was not 
dead. Blood from his head ran into his cap. It was 
about to smother him. He could not move. A 
bullet hole in his cap let the blood out. Later he 
was found and cared for. Thus his life was saved. 

Gordon became a United States Senator from 
Georgia. He was also once Governor of our state. 




ALFRED H. COLQUITT 



A GEORGIAN GREAT IN M/iNY WAYS 

Alfred H. Colquitt was a great man in more than 
one way. Some men are great soldiers. Some are 
great lawye'rs. Others are great law-makers. Still 
others are great preachers. Colquitt was great in 
all these ways. He was also a good Judge. 

Some ladies were once talking about great men. 
One of them did not say much for a time. She lis- 
tened to the others. At last she said that Colquitt 
was the greatest man of whom she ever knew. She 
said that Colquitt had once held court, tried a man 
for murder, sentenced him to be hung, made a big 
speech, preached a sermon, married two couples, 
and held a, prayer-meeting, all in one day. "Now, 
wasn't that great!" she said. 

Colquitt was a general in the Civil War. He 
fought at Olustee in Florida. He won, and he thus 
saved that state from being overrun by the Federals. 

When Colquitt and his men were on their way to 
this battle, they came to Madison in Florida. They 
were going on trains. In Colquitt's army was a boy 



212 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

soldier. He had worn out his shoes. He could not 
get any more. His feet were bare. The weather 
was very cold. The young soldier's feet were sore 
and bleeding, but he would not leave the army 
He had made up his mind to go on to the battle. 

Some ladies at Madison brought food for the sol- 
diers. When these ladies saw this soldier boy, with 
his bare, sore feet, they were very sorry for him. One 
of the young ladies offered to give him her shoes. He 
did not wish to take the shoes and leave her without, 
but she made him take them. She went home with- 
out shoes, but the boy went on and fought with General 
Colquitt's army at Olustee. 

Which do you think the nobler: the young lady 
who gave up her shoes, or the young soldier who 
would fight his country's battles, shoes or no shoes ? 

After the war, Colquitt was Governor of Georgia. 
He was also United States Senator. 

Colquitt County is not named for him, but for 
Walter T. Colquitt, another United States Senator 
from Georgia. 



THE GENERAL WITH A PAPER OF PINS 

In the Civil War, the Federals were always trpng 
to take Richmond, the Capital of the Confederacy. 
The Confederates often tried to take Washington, 
the Capital of the United States. 

Once when the Confederates tried to take Washing- 
ton, a battle was fought at Monocacy in Maryland. 
The Confederates won the victory, but they did 
not take Washington. There were too many Fed- 
erals around the city. 

General Clement Evans of Georgia was in this 
battle. At the head of his brigade, he bravely led 
a charge. He happened to have a paper of pins in 
the breast pocket of his coat. As he rode to the front 
a bullet struck him. It struck the paper of pins. 
The bullet tore into the flesh. It carried the pins 
with it. His breast was almost full of pins. 

A surgeon cut the bullet out. He got all the pins 

out that he could, but he could not get all of them. 

Afterward they would come out themselves. Every 

few days General Evans would feel the point of a pin 

213 



214 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

sticking out of his flesh. Then he would get it out. 
The pins kept coming out for a long time. It was 
almost as if he had been a pin-cushion. 

General Evans got well and lived to be a great help 
to the people of Georgia. They have honored him 
with more than one high office. 



GRAY ALICE 

Gray Alice was a beautiful horse. She was kind 
and gentle. She was General Robert Toombs' 
horse. He rode her while he was in the Civil War. 
She took him through several battles. Her master 
loved her very much. 

General Toombs lived at Washington in Wilkes 
County. After the war was over, he went to his 
home there. The officers of the United States 
thought it would be best to arrest him and keep him 
shut up in prison for a time. 

So a number of soldiers were sent to his house for 

him. They knocked on his front door. Mrs. 

Toombs went to the door. They asked her if General 

Toombs was at home. She said that he was not at 

home. He was not. He had left by the back door 

when they had knocked on the front door. He had 

no wish to be shut up in a cold, dark, damp prison. 

Mrs. Toombs kept on talking to the soldiers. She 

wanted to give Toombs time to get as far as he could. 

She would not tell where he was. 

At last tlie officer in command of the soldiers be- 

215 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 217 

came angry. He said if she did not bring Toombs 
out to him, he would burn the house. She said, " Very 
well, burn it," but the soldiers did not burn the 
house. They began to search for Toombs. They 
did not find him, and soon left the place. 

Toombs had a young friend whose name was Irvin. 
He had been watching while the soldiers were at 
Toombs' house. Irvin saw Toombs leave the house 
and go across the fields. He knew the general would 
need his horse; so, as soon as he could, Irwin slipped 
to the stable. He put a bridle and a saddle on Gray 
Alice. He then led her across the fields and woods 
to her master. 

How glad Toombs was to have the faithful Gray 
Ahce! She had borne him well in battle, amid 
whistling shot and screeching shell. He now knew 
she would take him to safety. He sprang upon 
her back and rode away. He went from place 
to place for six months. He was keeping away from 
the Federal soldiers. They were always looking for 
him everywhere. 

After a long time he went out of Georgia into 
Alabama. There Gray Alice was left to be cared 
for. Toombs made his way to Europe, where he 
stayed till all danger was over. You may be sure 



21 8 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

that Gray Alice was always loved and cared for by 
Toombs. 

Toombs was sent to the United States Congress. 
Then he was a Senator. He was made Secretary of 
State of the Confederacy. He was one of Georgia's 
greatest men. 

A county is called Toombs after him. 



THE SOLDIER WHO CARRIED A BOOK 

Charles F. Crisp was about sixteen years old when 
the great Civil War began. Charles went to the war 
and became' one of "Stonewall" Jackson's soldiers. 
He was a very young one, but he fought well and 
bravely, and was soon made a lieutenant. He 
was very proud of the office and the bright straps that 
he wore. 

Crisp had never been to college. He had only been 
to the common schools. He did not know as much 
as he wanted to know, so the young soldier got some 
books. He carried them in his knapsack. This is 
a sort of bag that the soldiers carried. It is used to 
carry food and other things the soldiers may need. 

At night, the other soldiers would play games, 
smoke, and tell stories. But Charles would seat him- 
self by the camp fire and take out his books. Then 
he would read and study. In this way he learned a 
great deal. 

As soon as the war was over, he began to study 
law. In one year he learned enough to be a lawyer. 

219 



220 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

He soon became a good one. Then he was Colonel 
Crisp. 

Next he became a judge. Then he went to Con- 
gress. There he was made Speaker of the Congress. 
This is a very high office. Crisp performed its duties 
well. He was liked by the people of the whole United 
States. 

We have a fine county named in his honor. 



A FAIR CONFEDERATE 

General Sherman fought on the Federal side. 
When the war was nearly over, he led a great army 
into Georgia. 

General Joseph Johnston was a Confederate. He 
was at Dalton, in Georgia, to try to check General 
Sherman. 

Mary Gay was a young woman who lived at De- 
catur with her mother and brother. This brother 
was one of General Johnston's soldiers. He and 
some of his soldier friends were afraid they might 
lose their overcoats and blankets. Such things were 
often lost in the marches and fights. 

So this young man wrote to his sister Mary at 
Decatur. He asked if she could not take care of 
the overcoats and blankets for him and his friends. 
Mary wrote back to her brother that she would do 
her best to take care of them. 

And so the things were sent to her. She put them 
in the dining-room. The doors and windows of the 
room were closed. The coats and blankets were 
kept there for some weeks, 

221 



222 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

At last the Confederates had to leave Dalton. 
General Sherman forced them back, back, till they 
were in Atlanta. Then Sherman took Atlanta. 
After that the Federal soldiers swarmed ever3rwhere. 
They went into houses and took whatever they wanted. 
The Federals were all about Decatur. Many were 
camped about the house where Mary and her mother 
lived. 

Now the overcoats and blankets were no longer 
safe. Mary feared the Federal soldiers would get 
them. What was she to do ? This is what she did. 
When night came, she got a negro girl to help her. 
They went into the dining-room. They dragged a 
tall wardrobe to the middle of the room. Mary 
climbed upon the top of it. Then with a hatchet 
she broke the plaster off the ceiling above her head. 
She pulled off the slats and made a big hole. Then 
the negro girl handed her the coats and blankets, 
and Mary put them up through the hole. When 
all had been put up, Mary nailed back the slats. 

Mary then got down from the top of the wardrobe 
and pulled it back to its old place. They took up 
all the plaster that had fallen and swept the floor 
clean. No one would ever think there was anything 
hidden in the room. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 223 

The Federal soldiers went all through the house 
from time to time. But they did not find out that 
the clothes were there. No doubt they would have 
had great fun pulling them down if they had found 
them. 

After a while the young Confederates and his 
friends were in need of their coats and blankets. 
Then Mary and the girl got them down one night. 
She had them taken to their owners. 

Nearly everything about Atlanta and Decatur had 
been burned. The young Confederate and his 
friends could hardly believe their coats and blankets 
were safe. They had to see them first. When they 
saw them, they were very glad. Then they all gave 
Mary three loud cheers. 

Mary afterward wrote a good book about the war 
It is called "Life in Dixie." 



'^IT WILL BE HELD TO THE LAST" 

As a little boy, Thomas Cobb liked to be moving 
about. He could not well keep still. He wanted to 
have all the fun he could. 

A good old lady lived in the family. They called 
her "Aunt Thornton." She did not like the noise 
that Thomas made, so she would try to keep him 
busy. She said if he were at some useful task, he 
would not get into mischief. 

When she could not find other work for Thomas, 
she would teach him how to sew. She would thread 
his needle, and give him a piece of cloth. Then she 
would show him how to sew. 

Thomas did not like this. He thought that it was 

work for girls. Besides, he wanted to be at play. 

But Aunt Thornton would not let him go. She 

thought it better for him to sew. Sometimes when he 

was very tired, Thomas would break the eye of the 

needle. Aunt Thornton would fix him another. 

Thomas would soon break it also. I do not know 

what Aunt Thornton would do next. But at last 

Thomas would go to play. 

224 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 225 

Thomas grew up to be a fine, strong man. He was 
a good man. He became a lawyer. He owned a 
very fine library. In it were books in many lan- 
guages. He could read them all. He made a book 
that is very useful to Georgia lawyers. It is called 
"Digest of Laws of Georgia." 

In the war, he was a general. He was known as 
General Thomas R. R. Cobb. He raised a body of 
soldiers and commanded them. This body of troops 
was called "Cobb's Legion." 

General Cobb's men loved him. Under him, they 
would fight bravely to win. He was very kind to 
them. He would sometimes walk through the mud 
and snow for days at a time. He did this so that some 
sick soldier might have his horse to ride. He would 
make his officers do the same thing. 

In one great battle, it was General Cobb's duty to 
hold a breast-work on the side of the hill. With him 
was his brave Legion. The Federals began to rush 
up the hill. Zip! zip! zip! came the bullets, and 
boom! boom! the shells. Cobb's men lay close in 
their breastworks, while their own bullets hissed and 
hummed. They held their ground. If Cobb and 
his men could keep this place, the Confederates could 
gain the victory* 



226 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

There were many hundreds of the Federals. Gen- 
eral Lee was afraid Cobb would have to lead his 
Legion away. So he sent Cobb word to hold the 
place if he could. General Cobb sent back the mes- 
sage, "It will be held to the last." 

The Federals made a great charge. But Cobb's 
Legion drove them back. Then the Federals made 
another charge. The Legion again drove them 
back. And so the Federals charged six times, and 
six times Cobb's Legion drove them back. At last 
the Confederates won the victory. 

But war is full of horror. General Cobb was 
himself killed in this battle. His men were then 
very sad. Each felt almost as if his own father had 
been killed. 

Several great Georgians have borne the name of 
Cobb. The Cobbs have done much for the state. 
Cobb County is named for Jolm Cobb. 



MEMORIAL DAY 

Mrs. Mary Ann Williams was a kind, tender- 
hearted woman. In the time of the war, her home 
was at Columbus. 

She felt very sorry for the hungry soldiers in the 
Confederate army. The government could not al- 
ways give the soldiers enough to eat. Often a soldier 
would start home from Virginia. He would get very 
hungry. On the train it was harder than ever to get 
something to eat. Sometimes the poor soldiers would 
almost starve. 

Mrs. Williams wanted to do something for them. 
She asked some other ladies to help her. At the 
stations on the railroad, they had '' Wayside Homes. '^ 
These homes were simply the stations where the 
trains would stop. The ladies would know when a 
soldier train was coming. Then they would get 
people to cook and give food. They would take great 
baskets of this food to the Wayside Homes. When a 
train-load of soldiers came, the train stopped. The 
ladies made the hungry men welcome, and saw that 
each one had all he could eat. This was a great help 
to the soldiers. 

227 



228 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

Mrs. Williams' husband was a colonel in the 
Confederate Army. He died in the war. He was 
buried at Columbus. 

One bright spring day, about a year after the end 
of the war. Mrs. Williams and her little girl went to 
put flowers on his grave. There were flowers in 
plenty. They almost covered his grave with them. 

Near Colonel Williams' grave were the graves of 
a great many other Confederate soldiers. At last 
the little girl thought that she would like to put some 
flowers on their graves, too. She asked her mother 
if she might not put flowers on their graves. Her 
mother agreed. Then together they put flowers on, as 
many as they could. 

Mrs. Williams then thought that it would be a 
good thing to put flowers on all soldiers' graves once 
every year. She began to urge people to set aside 
a day to do this. At last the twenty-sixth of April was 
settled upon as the day for Georgia. This was be- 
cause flowers are so plentiful in April. And thus we 
have Memorial Day. Now, all over the South, 
thousands of children place millions of beautiful, 
sweet flowers on the brave soldiers' graves, once every 
year. 



A PEACE MAKER 

When Henry Grady was about two years old, a 
little negro boy, named Isaac, took care of him. Isaac 
loved Henry, and Henry loved Isaac. As soon as 
Henry could talk, he would call the little negro 
"Brother Isaac." They told Henry that Isaac was 
not his brother. Then Henry cried. He kept on 
calling him Brother Isaac. 

Henry always thought of the comfort of others. 
He liked to know that others were not hungry or cold. 
Often on winter nights, he would wake and hear the 
wind blowing. He would call his mother, and say, 
"Do you think the servants have enough cover? 
It is so cold, and I want them to be warm." 

Nearly every day, he would find some one he wanted 
to help. Often some ragged boy or other would 
bring a note to Mrs. Grady that Henry had given him. 
This is what would be in the note: 

"Dear Mother, 

" Please give this bov something to eat. He looks 
so hungry. 

"H. W. Grady." 
229 



230 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

The boy would get something to eat. 

Henry went to a queer school. The teacher was 
a lady. She could not hear well, so all the pupils 
studied out loud. It was almost like an Arab 
school. This lady taught her pupils well, and more 
than one of them became great men. 

Henry read many books. It was said he knew 
more and had read more than any boy about Athens. 



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THE GRADY HOSPITAL, ATLANTA 

That was where he lived. He liked best to read the 
stories and deeds of olden times. 

For a long time after the Civil War ended, the 
people of the North and the people of the South did 
not love each other. Both sides had suffered a great 
deal in the war. It was not easy to forget. 

When Grady was a man, he wrote and spoke well. 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 231 

He did all he could to make the two sections under- 
stand each other better. He made great speeches. 
He urged them to forget their hate and to love one 
another. It is said that he did more in this way thaa 
anyone else. 

There are two great monuments to Grady in 
Atlanta. One is of bronze. It shows how he used 
to look. The other is the Grady Hospital, where 
thousands of poor sick people are cared for every 
year. 

A county is named Grady after him. 



THE BOY WITH WILLING HANDS 

One day an editor said he needed a boy. He 
wanted the boy to set type and to help him print his 
paper. He said that he wanted a boy with ''willing 
hands." 

Not far away there lived a boy whose name was 
Joel Chandler Harris. This boy could read and 
write before he was six years old. His mother would 
often tell him stories. Then he thought he would like 
to write some stories himself. 

But his people were poor. He made up his mind 
that he would. help make a hving. He did not have 
time to write any stories. When he heard that a boy 
was wanted, he thought he would try to get the place. 
He did not tell anyone his plans. He went at once 
to the editor, and told him what he had come for. 
The editor hired him. The boy had ''willing 
hands." He did his work so well that he and the 
editor were soon the best of friends. Joel gave the 
money he made to his mother. 

The editor had a large library of choice books. 
232 



MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 233 

He said to Joel: "You may read in my library when- 
ever you have time." Joel was very glad of this 
chance to read. He would finish his work and then 
hurry into the library. There he would read for 
hours at a time. In this way he stored his mind and 
learned to love good books. He had a willing mind, 
too. 

Joel wanted to write something to put in the paper 
himself, but he thought that the editor might not 
like to put anything in the paper that a boy wrote. 
At last he wrote an article and did not sign his name 
to it. He then put it where the editor would find it. 
The editor liked it and put it in his paper. Then 
Joel wrote more for the paper. 

This paper was not printed in a big city. It was 
printed on a large plantation. Over this plantation, 
Joel roamed far and wide. He learned all the paths 
and roads. He knew where to find birds and squir- 
rels, and where to catch a fine string of fish. He 
knew every nook and corner where berries, nuts, 
or fruits were to be found. 

Next to the editor and the books, Joel liked the 
negroes on the place. They liked him. They would 
tell him stories of Brother Rabbit and Brother Fox 
and all the rest of the four-legged tribe. 



234 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

When Joel became a man, he wrote for a big daily 
newspaper in the city of Atlanta. One day he wrote 
one of the stories that the negroes had told him when 
he was a boy. It was printed in the paper. Thou- 
sands of people read the story and liked it. They 
begged him to write more of them. He wrote others 
and yet others. Then he became "Uncle Remus." 
He made book after book of stories that are read all 
over the world. 

Uncle Remus was one of the best and happiest of 
men. He liked to make others happy. He was 
loved everywhere. And now you have read the story 
of a boy with willing hands who became a man with 
willing mind and heart. 



GEORGIA 

Fair Georgia, Empire State of the South, 

From Chattahoochee's source to mouth; 

From Alabama's dimpled dells 

To where old Ebenezer dwells ; 

From Lookout's steep and rugged sides 

To Brunswick harbor's ocean tides, 

INIy heart for thee in fulsome rapture beats 

As mount and dale and sea the scene completes. 

The Coves of Gilmer glow with corn, 
And peaches pink fair Pike adorn. 
Ten thousand hills in fleecy white 
Proclaim King Cotton's wondrous might. 
Thy pecan groves and melon fields 
A rich and bounteous harvest yields. 
Thy marshy stretches give us pearly rice, 
Abundant harvests all our needs suffice. 

Thy annals are replete with fame — 
A thousand sons with glorious name — 
From Oglethorpe, the pioneer, 

235 



236 MAKERS OF GEORGIA'S NAME AND FAME 

To Alek Stephens ever dear; 

Brave Gordon, Toombs, and brilliant Crisp — 

Fair names our little children lisp. 

What realm can boast of nobler, greater men. 

In columned halls or distant mountain glen ? 

Thy people great with hearts of gold. 
Thy manhood true with courage bold, 
Thy womanhood the best on earth. 
And beauteous children round the hearth. 
LeConte, Lanier, thy scholars great. 
What realm can be thy matchless mate ? 
Thou diadem of all the states, my Georgia dear, 
Wliere hearts are ever glad and Heaven near. 

— H J. Gaertner 



SEP 18 1913 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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